التنظيم والتنسيق ١-a .. كتاب التصوير علم وفن

Third: Organization and coordination: The basis of formation is coordination. Coordination means order. And the system means the logical arrangement where every element of the picture is in its place in which it appears in the best way, giving the desired impression.

The format of the image begins logically with its dimensions:
1 - - - Dimensions of the image: The photographer has the freedom to choose one of four shapes for his image: the square - the horizontal rectangle - the vertical rectangle or the circle. A Rectangle: Because one of its dimensions is longer than the other, it indicates the direction, so the horizontal rectangle indicates and confirms the horizontal lines and planes - the horizon line - the directions to the right and to the left. While the vertical rectangle suggests and emphasizes vertical lines and levels - height - depth away from the photographer and the directions up and down. The longer the rectangle, the greater the effect of these trends. For example, when photographing a skyscraper, if we take the dimensions of the image as the long vertical rectangle, the effect of the length of the skyscraper increases. B - Square: Because its lengths are equal, it does not suggest any specific direction, and therefore it is a static, fixed symbol that suggests meanings such as stability - strength - permanence - calmness and tranquility. But it is often boring. Photographers who use cameras that give a square negative, such as twin-lens reflex cameras, often find themselves shooting in this format. Therefore, the photographer must think before photographing the dimensions he desires, so that when enlarging, he can obtain those dimensions, even if he sacrifices part of the negative. As for those who do not print pictures with their knowledge, scissors are the best friend. Crop the image to the dimensions you want. A- The circle: This shape has its attention focused on its interior, and it has become rare these days, as well as the oval shape, but it is found only when using a fish-eye lens, and often this shape is not suitable except in this use, and it gives the same overtones as the square shape.
The next step is to find out the subject's relationship to the foreground and background of the image.

2- Introduction and background of the image:

A- The background of the image: It is the part that lies behind the main subject in the image. There are three types: (1) An unsuitable background: for example, it has loud colors that draw the eye away from the subject, or is very similar in color, shade of gray, or pattern to the subject, so that the subject gets lost in it. Or in short a very ugly background. This type of background should be avoided. This can be done by changing the shooting location or using a very wide pupil that makes the background completely blurred. b - the foreground of the image: the part between the subject and the camera

(2) Neutral background: It has nothing to do with the subject, and it is an area without details and has an appropriate color or shade of gray, as it contrasts with the subject. The neutral background is represented by white or black curtains. Black or gray or one color or sky blue without or a wall with no details. . to withdraw

(3) An integrated background: It is a part of the subject, the first of which is a close relationship with it. For example, in a landscape image, the sky with cloud formations has an integrated background for the image. or . Writer, so his library is a merged background for the image. Or when photographing / an artist, the studio is a combined background for the artist. when photographing

This may be:

(1) The subject itself.

(2) An inappropriate foreground: such as an inappropriate background, or just an empty space. This kind of introduction can be overcome
This means (3) an integrated foreground: like a combined background: for example, a desk in front of the writer or a panel in front of the painter, etc. (4) Introduction in the form of a frame or frame: Surrounding the subject to be photographed completely or partially with an appropriate introduction in the form of a frame or frame. This frame affects the image in several ways: It strengthens the suggestion of depth in the image, where the frame is close and the subject is far away.

By changing the shooting location, or approaching the subject to be photographed

Or use a telephoto lens or use a very wide lens

To make such an introduction completely unclear.

This sense of spatial depth increases if the frame is standing and the subject is light, because we are accustomed to the pneumatic perspective, where the distant scenes are covered with a white color that tends to bluish. -

The frame is also used to hide things outside the subject that the photographer does not want to show. For example, when photographing a building, the frame can be used to hide repairs taking place in a neighboring building, or to hide a gray sky, a booklet, etc.

After this we come to the subject of the image itself. Regardless of the content of the image, any image consists of two things: lines and blocks or spaces, whether these blocks are shades of gray or cosmic spaces, from these materials the image is built.

- Lines: There are many types of lines that we will discuss, the most important of which are: A - Oblique lines, and these are the most common lines and often have no formative importance, except for two types: Vertical parallel lines: which appear slanted due to the perspective, as the camera was tilted upwards during filming. , and in this

- K and free form give the strongest pictorial symbol for height. Strings: They are straight lines that almost reach from one corner to the opposite corner of the image. These lines give a sense of movement and instability. Therefore, these lines are among the most dynamic (and life) lines, and things that coordinate on such lines seem to slide and move.

There is a point worth mentioning regarding these strings, which is not to let this line divide the angle in the corner of the image. If this line reaches the edge, it is better to make it pass above or below

slightly angle. Broken lines are like saw blades, such as the city skyline or mountain ranges, and these give a sense of roughness and violence.

. Curved, spiral, or circular lines give a sense of calm movement or femininity.

D - Leading lines: These are lines that lead the eye to the main subject in the image. We notice railroad tracks leading the eye to

e locomotive. . Coordination lines or composition lines: These are imaginary lines imagined by the photographer to arrange the elements of the image, and these lines often take an engineering form, such as: