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What is the safest way to clean camera surfaces?

Over the course of use, cameras become contaminated with dirt, but the ends of modern surfaces are very difficult to corrode and only require dust removal.
Usually by the gloss or wipe it with a dry cloth. The final finishing material in the form of leather is PVC or another similar material, but a leather finishing material can be used upon request. The black plastic parts will become black. With a dry cloth or wax polish. Chrome parts can be cleaned with a soft pencil eraser, but it must be ensured that the plastic beginning has been removed. Dust should be removed from the surface of the lens with a soft bristle brush (from squirrel or sable hair). Stiff fingerprints can be removed from the viewfinder by a soft cloth after blowing on it, or by using a very small amount of cleaning liquid for optical parts. The inside of the camera should be dusted from time to time, and if this is done well, a vacuum nozzle can be used to remove loose particles that may cause scratches on the film.

How do panoramic (or comprehensive vision) cameras work?

The normal camera covers a fixed field of view according to the focal length of the lens with which it is equipped. The shorter the focal length, the wider the angle of acceptance and the coverage of a larger area, with the output of a large-scale image of the photographed object - such as an image designed for a school group where the photographed subject is wide and narrow - the shape of the wide-angle lens negative image will not be sufficient. Panoramic cameras produce a long, narrow negative using a conventional focal length lens with a normal sum

There are two main types of panoramic cameras, the type with a rotating lens and the type in which the camera itself is rotating. A typical example of the first type is the Widelux camera shown in Figure 47, in which it is used

normal

comprehensive vision

Figure (47) The Wedelex panoramic camera and the type of image it can produce with a viewing angle of about 180 degrees.

Conventional film is 35 mm, but produces 24 x 58 mm images. With this camera, the film plane is convex, and the 26 mm lens in its shutter rotates when the shutter is released, exposing the film strip to light gradually. Despite the relatively short period of time that the lens takes to rotate around its axis, the device works better on fixed objects, and thus there is an effect of shortening or lengthening of moving objects along the camera path according to the direction of movement, and given that the width is 58. The resulting negative or color slide can be enlarged or projected into devices designed to reproduce originals measuring 1/2-inch square (about 66 cm).
As for the second type of panoramic camera, it is the preferred type by traditional school photographers. One of the most famous cameras of this type is the Circut camera, which uses a roll film of 8 x 10 inches. This film does not contain a backing paper, but rather contains a vertical piece of paper and a tail piece to enable the camera to be loaded in daylight.

By changing these cameras were originally made in the USA and were intended for landscape work due to their ability to rotate on an axis of about 360 degrees and the exposure time is controlled by . lens aperture, and there is a 5 mm longitudinal slit the width of the film as it is rolled into the camera when the camera is rotated. The speed of winding the film in the camera is directly related to the rotational speed of the camera.

Circut camera films are available by special order. These films are manufactured by Kodak Eastman. The results are printed on a sheet of 4 to 6 feet in length, depending on the size of the film used and the length of the school group.

One of the companies that still uses cameras is the London-based company Panora Limited, which specializes in photographing school groups, where the group is lined up in a semi-circle at a fixed distance from the camera. Full exposure usually takes about thirty seconds.

Several manufacturers make underwater cameras, but I want to use a regular SLR camera for this purpose. Is that possible? The number of cameras that are adaptable for use under water is quite small, as the main problem lies in the operation of the controls and the camera.
Placed within a waterproof case, there is a special plastic bag that accommodates many cameras, so that these cameras can be used in shallow waters (no more than ten meters deep) with access to the controls (Fig. 48). Perspex boxes put on the market by Greenaway and Maurice Swindon (Fig. 49) These use special sealing rings between the outer arms and the dials to operate the camera's controls, working very effectively and safely up to a range of about one hundred meters if the camera has a device. Automatic control of exposure and it was equipped with an automatic winding device, this is considered good because it simplifies the design if a special bag is to be manufactured

Underwater housings are readily available for cameras - Rolleif lex and Hasselblad made by private companies. In both cases, these could be equipped with flash guns to operate underwater at an estimated depth of about 100 meters

A special camera is used to take pictures at the end of a race, where it is directed along the finish line with the film exposed to light and through a narrow longitudinal slit that coincides with the image formed by the camera lens of the same line. Longitudinal. As a result, the animated figures are actually fixed on the film and are recorded in quite good resolution.

The beginning of the film shows the blurred image of the finish line, and when the first competitors reach this line, a complete image is formed gradually, as the image of the features of the vision becomes clearer. An additional item printed on the film is an image of a time scale divided into 1/100th of a second increments that help calculate the time for the winning contestant. Sometimes a mirror is placed opposite the camera on the other side of the line so that another image can be recorded, but from a different vantage point

The process of preparing and curing the film is very fast and a wet print can be seen within a few minutes. The film is first pre-hardened and then acidified at a high temperature for a period of 10-12 seconds. The film is still wet. The print is prepared with equal speed: it is handed over to the critics for analysis and a print is dried