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Photographic information

How to choose a movie

The arrival of an appropriate amount of light to the film is the key to obtaining a good image, so that if the amount of light was reduced, the film would not be sensitive, and the image would darken, and if it increased, the details would be lost.

In order to determine this appropriate amount, it is necessary to know the speed of the film used, i.e. its sensitivity to light), through the ISO number printed on the box.

What is the ISO? The ISO number is an indication of the film's speed (ie its sensitivity to light). It is standardized by the International Organization for Standardization for all filmmakers and is generally confined between 100-400 ISO, more or less.

It's in professional movies. What is the meaning of ISO?

The higher the ISO number, the faster the film will be, i.e. the more sensitive the film will be to light

How to classify movies according to the ISO number?

100 iso movie:

These films are suitable for good outdoor lighting (daytime) and sunny conditions, such as Kodak Gold 100 film.

200 ISO movie:

These films are suitable for photographing conditions in variable lighting with the use of flash, such as Kodak Gold 200 film.

Taking pictures at ISO 400 film speeds: These films are suitable for all conditions, whether indoor or outdoor lighting, low or good lighting. It is also good for photographing moving subjects, as it enables you to shoot high motions, such as sports photography, for example, such as Kodak Gold 400 film. using Kodak Royal paper.

Flash use

Despite the availability of films with high sensitivity to light, and suitable for shooting in low light places, most photographers consider (flash) an indispensable assistant, as it: 1- Allows the use of less sensitive films and simple cameras. 2 - Photography is allowed under very low lighting conditions, or even in no light conditions. 3- It helps in freezing the movement of fast subjects, due to the possibility of using high shutter speeds.

Calibrable Cameras In calibrate cameras, there are mechanisms that allow adjusting the shutter speed and aperture to suit the conditions of the subject to be photographed. These types of cameras are usually used by professionals.

On calibrated cameras, the aperture controls the amount of light falling on the photosensitive film through it while the shutter is open

The aperture of the lens is symbolized by the symbol (f), followed by the aperture number, which is usually graded as follows: 22 - 16 - 11 - 5.68-4-2-2.8. (f) Passes twice the light passed by the aperture (56 (f) and so on. The larger the aperture number (f), i.e. the narrower the aperture, the greater the depth of field can be obtained. The depth of field is the distance between the nearest clear object and the farthest clear object. Shutter speed: The shutter controls In cameras that can be calibrated by the exposure time of the photosensitive film, and the shutter speed is measured in seconds in the form of a fractional number, and for simplicity to indicate the shutter speed, it is enough for an integer number to indicate the denominator of the fraction. For example, the speed is 30, which means that the exposure time for the photosensitive film is 1130 seconds, and mathematically We find that the speed 30 allows an exposure time double the exposure time allowed by the speed 60 and half the exposure time at speed 15. Exposure: It controls the exposure, the amount of light falling on the film through the aperture, the exposure time which is controlled by the shutter, and the type of film in terms of Its sensitivity to light The exposure meter is known, either through the instructions Agree with film, or by luminometer (it is available in

6 In most cameras that are calibrated, or as a (standalone) device, there is a relationship between the aperture of the lens, the shutter, and the type of film in terms of its sensitivity to light. For example, if we assume that the light meter indicates a shutter speed of 125 and an aperture of 56, we find that it is possible to shoot at a speed of 250 half Exposure time (previous) and on an aperture 4 times the amount of light previously with: the quality of the film is constant, so the film is exposed to the light it needs in the same amount, and this process is useful in photographing moving objects such as sports photography, for example, and in the same way it is possible to make the speed 60 and the aperture, and here this is useful The process of expanding the depth of field (for example, if you want to make your main subject of photography, and the foreground and background of the composition in the image clear). Adjust sharpness: Sharpness is adjusted in calibrated cameras according to the technology used in it. Some machines are adjusted according to the estimated distance between the subject and the camera, and others by By looking through the imaging, and adjusting the distance ring and the clarity to reach the best possible result.As for the machines in which the clarity is set automatically, there is no need to perform the calibration manually.

Fixed lens cameras To ensure the success of your photos using a fixed lens camera, you must follow the following: The distance between the camera and the subject should not be less than

The 1.2 meters. - You must use the flash when photographing in low light places, whether indoors or outdoors. 3- Keep your photographed subject within the range of the distance corresponding to the speed of the film used, and do not take pictures at a distance that exceeds the specified maximum distance, otherwise you will get dark pictures

Pictorial formation One of the main reasons why some pictures are more beautiful than others is the way in which the pictures are formed. 1- The photo consists of the foreground, which is everything that lies in front of the subject and the subject is the object of photography, and the background, which is what lies behind the subject. Therefore, when photographing, attention must be paid to the foreground and background of the photo, in addition to the subject, as they are two important elements for the aesthetics of the photo. 2 - It is important to pay attention to the method of carrying the camera, as the vibration of the camera is the common cause of blurring of images, so the camera must be carried in a comfortable and stable way for 2

for the photographer. 3- You must pay attention that the hand is not placed on the flash when using it, and check the efficiency of the battery.

4- When using the flash, you should avoid having reflective surfaces (a window, for example) directly behind your subject, so that the light does not reflect on it and appear in the image. E Before taking pictures, it is preferable to imagine that the picture is divided into three parts horizontally and vertically, and to obtain a good formation of the picture, I suggest placing your subject in the four of these lines. 6- Keep the horizontal plane, then fill the frame of the picture. - Take into account the path that the moving subject takes, and in general, leave a distance in the direction of its movement. Trees, buildings, or even people can be used to frame the subject. - Not staying too long in the same point of view, but rather trying to look at the subject from several angles. 10 - Use lines of evidence to direct the eyes towards the main subject. 11- Shadows can be used as special effects. Note: Surprises must be expected... The camera must be kept with us permanently, as we may come across a rare snapshot that may not be repeated for a lifetime, and if you are asked to photograph, do it and do not hesitate

Types of lighting: The direction of light has a strong impact on images. The sensitive photographer can distinguish its direction and benefit from this direction. - Frontal lighting: When the light falls from behind the photographer's shoulder and is directed towards the subject, the illuminated subjects appear from the front

The front is flat, but the front lighting is good for photographing physical subjects. - Side lighting: when the subject is illuminated from one side, and this is considered the best for photographing people so as not to disturb the eye with the light, and it is also considered the best for forming the composition of the foreground in addition to giving a shadow gradient to the person. - Backlighting: when the light is coming from behind the subject and this gives strong shadows. 4- Flat lighting: In a dusty or slightly covered sky, all shades of white and light gray appear instead of blue, and the shadows are light fluffy, or there may be no shadows at all.

These are some of the tips that can be used to improve the image, but always remember that art does not have to be based on rules