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, and because of its massiveness. Size The first person to call the "dark room" by this name, i.e. (Camera Obscura), was Johannes Kepler in 1609 AD. In the beginning, this method was widely used by plastic artists, to draw perspectives, including Da Vinci and many others, and as a result of using this process a lot, it was developed, and the images appeared upside down, which prompted them to use mirrors to correct this error. This room was reduced to the extent of being able to carry it, The images were not clear, so they used lenses to increase the clarity of those images. One of the first to use the lens to clarify the images was the Italian mathematician Gerlomo Cardano, who lived between 1501 AD and 1576 AD. But let's stop at the word lens, why is it called by this name? It is said that the Italian lenses were convex in shape, and they resemble the brown lentils from which they used to make soup. The word lens came from the Latin word (Lentil), which means Gerolomo) lentils. Silver darkens when exposed to light, and since then attempts have begun to take advantage of this discovery. Until the French Joseph Nicephore Nice came and took the first light image in the world in 1827 AD, and the exposure time was eight hours.
The French Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre shortened the exposure period, and Daguerre is considered the first inventor of the practical application of the photographic process, as Daguerre invented an easy method of photography, and named it after his name Daguerreotype (Daguerreotype) in the year 1837 AD on silver plates, but those pictures were One positive print, and only one copy could be obtained

The first light photograph was taken in 1827 AD by Niepce

Then came the English inventor William Henry Fox Talbot (William Henry Fox Talbot) and announced his patent, which is the negative with the possibility of printing a number of copies of one negative in 1841 AD knowing that the first negative he made was in 1835 AD and that method was called calotype. (calotype)
6 But let us stop at the word photography, as this word is derived from the two Greek words “photo” which means light and “graphein” which means drawing, and by combining the two words we have drawing with light. The first person to use this word, Photography, was an English scientist, Sir John F. Herschel in 1839 AD, and by that word he meant pictures recorded by the action of light.

And after this development, the photography movement began to become active and turned into an independent art

The first negative taken in 1835 AD by Talbot

Then the process of developing this technology began on the side of printing, which was done on metal plates, and the conversion to paper began, which also went through several stages, to improve its quality. The papers were at first subject to rapid spoilage until some plastic materials were introduced into the printing paper industry.
On the other hand, the film was developed from breakable glass slides into a flexible cellulosic material by George Eastman in 1884 AD. Then Eastman developed this flexible slide into language film, and gave it the name of Kodak roll film, and the era of used films begins. Now, until we reach between 1913 AD and 1914 AD, when the camera that carries 35 mm film appeared, and it is the film currently used in the market in 1948 AD Edwin Herbert Land marketed the instant camera (Polaroid), shortly after the invention of photography Ideas and attempts began to invent the color image, and one of the first to try was James Clerk Maxwell, in a lecture he delivered in 1861 AD at the Royal Institution in London, who talked about the idea of ​​using primary colors as filters for making color images, but the practical application Color film appeared in 1906 AD by the English inventor Frederick Wratten with the help of Dr. C.E. In the method of superimposed colors in the year 1930 AD by the laboratories of (Kodak) company with George Eastman