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Terminology

entrance

Of all the means of expression, photography is the only one capable of stealing a moment in time and capturing a moment of truth. Photography since its inception in France in 1827 AD, the era of the first light image to the present in which we live, it entered all areas of human life, photography entered people's homes to steal through them moments of time escaping from them, photography has helped people in various scientific and literary fields He contributed to the development of visual culture, and brought the vast world closer together. Perhaps the most beautiful thing about this art is that it mixes science and emotion, such as the harmony of the soul and the body.

Despite the entry of photography into all areas of human life, as there is almost no home without a photographic machine, except
Arab libraries are almost devoid of photocopying books, except for what

Rare 4 of them from here. I had the idea to put this book in the hands of the reader to help him decipher the symbols of this art. It may not seem that photography is a complicated process, but it is a sea for those who want to delve into art.

In this book, I started with an introduction about the origin of some words, including a brief about the origins of the history of photography, to be an introduction to this book, and I tried as much as possible to simplify the explanation of terms so that the information would reach the amateur and professional alike. On photographic cameras and what these symbols mean, as well as the imaging processes and methods they have gone through since the inception of photography, in addition to passing through the schools and artistic trends that appeared in different periods of time, as these "movements" were associated with various fields of art, literature and photography.
introduction

With the passage of light, the art of photography is the product of an equation that combines a physical and chemical process. But before we talk about this word, let's start from the emergence of the idea of ​​photography and its emergence as an art. The word (Camera Obscura) is a Latin word, meaning dark room, which is a box or dark room. A small hole in one of its sides, so a picture appears to us on the wall opposite the hole in reverse, and the smaller the hole, the clearer the picture. The first to talk about this physical principle were some thinkers, including Aristotle in the year 300 BC. It is said that this phenomenon was discovered by man in caves for a moment. through cracks in the caves. But the first to describe this phenomenon in its precise form was the Arab optician Al-Hasan bin Al-Haytham in the tenth century AD, who made observations about this phenomenon, the solar eclipse and illumination, as he says in his book [The image of the sun is at the time of the eclipse unless the eclipse is total, and when light passes through In a narrow hole, it appears to us on the opposite surface the shape of the sun in the form of a sickle]. This is a description of the dark room, and also completes [and the image of the sun appears on the opposite surface when the hole is very small]. After him, there are many who talked about this phenomenon, such as the artist Leonardo Da Vinci, who lived in