طريقة تحميض الفيلم الابيض والاسود .. مجلة فن التصوير اللبنانية _ ع٣

Method of developing black and white film

After we knew in the previous lesson (under the title “Equipment”) how to prepare a dark room with low costs, in order to be able to endorse and print the films we photographed, we show in this second lesson of photography lessons for beginners how to develop black and white film
In photography, the small area called emulsion, that is, raw film, is the one that is imprinted when photographed. And this space, which preserves the realistic image with the light reflections - that is, after its development - becomes what we call (tecatef), i.e. the negative image. As a result, this necatif is used to withdraw the normal images, i.e. the positive (positive), either of the same size or a larger one. Photographers, especially the skilled ones, do not leave anyone else the right to process the tectives because they believe in the importance of the endorsement and fixation process, which reflects the entire photographic process.If the nikavie is damaged during its development, the scanned image comes in a different way. How does the negative image form? Multiple light sources, natural or artificial 2- The lens receives the light rays and transmits them corrected or as it is towards the sensory film The aperture of the light barrier: the speed of the camera, and the time spent in the exposure, all of which determine the intensity of the impression on the sensitive area of ​​the negative - Endorsement: chemical amplification of the image To dilute the metallic silver nitrate present in the film gelatin, which leads to greater or less intense blackening of the impression areas, thus forming the negative image after this simplified definition of image formation Negative (Tactive) There are two important things that also play an important role in the process of making the film endorsement successful. 1- Film sensitivity (film speed) specified by a Din number or “ASA” which determines the degree of sensitivity of the raw film, as there are three film rates: low from 25 to 125 aza. Medium from 200 to 400. High from 400 ASA and above. B - Therefore, the appropriate solution must be chosen and the exposure period specified by the number of acidification minutes, according to the quality And the sensitivity of the film, but it is not possible to give a definitive time for the development of the film, because each chemical manufacturer has its own instructions. From here, you can ask the seller - or ask us in the magazine in particular about any problem you encounter, and the manufactured materials are available either in liquid form from one to five liters, According to your needs, or it is in the form of a powder to be dissolved in water to adjust the quantity. Developing the film step by step: Before starting the endorsement, we have to make sure that the following things are available: 1- Developing material: 2- Fixing material: hypo-sulfite kiners 3- A wristwatch or a stopwatch, if possible. 4- Acidification tank and pulley. E- Checking that the light does not leak into the dark room. 6- Scissors. The process of wrapping the film and placing it in the tank: First of all, it is necessary to make sure that the tank and the reel are free of water. - Turning off the lights inside the dark room, even the red ones, including the preparation of .

the photographer Tariq Ibrahim