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Photography in contemporary art.

Photography has gone a long way through the ages, and despite the elapse of more than five thousand years since the ancient Egyptians used the first photography models, the technological methods in the photography industry were not rapidly developing except in our modern era, when industries began to make great strides. Towards progress, and the human artist tried to understand these materials, and work on developing the industrial style of performance.. However, despite that, the oil painting methods are still the most beloved types of painting to the hearts of artists, even though they tend to often introduce new ones into them.. The carrier material used throughout the ages, and it differs in its material, but it is united in use with the image carrier, because it carries the imaging ground, i.e. the imaging is from above it. She who knows that we can sum up the types of materials that carry images as follows: A - Pottery material: it is what we have known throughout the different historical eras, and we note that it is possible to paint on it before putting it into the fire in the kiln for its manufacture, or ... .. that it is colored and glazed after the fire. For the first time, then it enters the kiln for the second time, and there are different types of drawings and colors that have been used in drawing on pottery types or decorating them since prehistoric times. Before burning it K.. . Some pottery decorated or painted with watercolors was also found in the Egyptian historical eras (18th Dynasty), and some of the basic colors that were known during the era of the ancient Egyptians were used in it, such as the colors of yellow and red ochre or Egyptian blue, and black taken from soot carbon (soot) or charcoal 2- Stone material: It was used to make panels or to erect walls in stone buildings, or in excavated facilities such as tombs and rock-hewn temples, such as the Abu Simbel temples. The most important types of these stones are:

(1) Limestone (b) Sandstone (c) Granite stone, sometimes colored (d) Egyptian alabaster stone, which is a type of limestone. 3 - Brick material: used in the construction of buildings. Two types of bricks were used in ancient Egypt, which are the unburnt brown bricks, and the burnt bricks or red bricks, whose use was widespread in later ages. Now there are other types of sand bricks and cement bricks. We see in (Fig. 19) an ancient Egyptian view of making bricks for construction. 4 - Wood material: various surfaces are made from it, which are suitable as a support material for drawing. There are many types of wood, including mahogany wood, walnut wood, American walnut, Turkish walnut, oak, sycamore (sycamore), latzana, musky 000, etc. • Planks are made of wood, the surface of which is intended to be painted in small panels 000, but in large panels, the wooden panels are combined to each other With different welds, such as regular half-on-half welds, Samara welding, butt welding, eyelet welding, or lover and lover welding (Dakrontaeh) as we can see in (Fig. 20). These are the most important welds
It is used in assembling wooden boards 000, but there are also large boards of counters, plywood, and compressed wood boards..all of which can be used in photographic work after preparing them and preparing their surface for drawing on it. E - Compressed industrial flats: They include flats of regular paper, compressed or reinforced paper known as cardboard, and industrial flats of wood made of pressed straw, cellotex, and all other types that are made of cellulosic materials, but papyrus used by Egyptians since ancient times for drawing and writing is not included. 6- Papyrus paper: The Egyptian made it from the stems of the papyrus plant in the form of rolls and prepared it for drawing and writing on it. From the name of the papyrus, the current name of paper in European languages ​​is derived from Paper. ♦ - Parchment for gazelles: It was used since primitive times for drawing and writing. He made types of paper known as parchment, similar to parchment, and used for the same symptoms for drawing and writing. We note that academic certificates were previously written on parchment, and many European universities still write doctoral degrees on parchment according to ancient traditions.

8- The texture of the canvas: It is known that the Egyptian used the texture of the linen canvas for painting on it, and still the linen is the best type of fabric that can be painted on in oil painting. There are also some types of painting that work on silk, velvet, or other types • 9- Glass: Glass is used in some cases for drawing on it in special cases, such as miniatures or window decorations, but painting on glass requires special preparation and special colors, and it may be necessary to use oven colors. Which is burned to stabilize it if the glass will be exposed to weather factors, such as stained glass works. Metal sheets: such as sheets of gold, silver or copper, all of which can be used as a material or as a support surface for drawing, after preparing it and removing the fatty substance from its surface ... It is also used for drawing in different types of colors. the oven . The ground for painting usually depends on the type and function of this supporting material and the type of painting itself... Preparing the bearing surface if it is made of brown bricks is undoubtedly different from preparing the burnt bricks or stones... and so on 1- Preparing a wall of brown bricks : . As a bearing surface, the wall of the building made of ordinary brown bricks can be covered with white clay mixed with lime or gypsum, or white with kaolin as a ground for painting (a type used in the preparation of many drawings of Egyptian temples and churches, on whose walls they put white kaolin and then paint it with tempera colors). The Egyptian also used another type of clay whiteness, in which he used the same materials that he used in the manufacture of raw bricks, which are animal dung and flax sack, which is left with the mortar for fermentation for 24 hours, and thus its resinous materials are mixed with the materials that make up the whiteness. It contains fibers that help in the mechanical bonding of the white, and we find that the surface of this white can be a surface prepared for photography (Fig. 21).