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نسخ الشرائح .. العناية بالصور الفوتوغرافية .. كيفية التقاط وتطوير الصور الملونة
CARING FOR PHOTOGRAPHS
SLIDE COPYING
Slide copying is a useful , basic technique that can be used to copy important original transparencies , to correct mistakes , and even for special effects like combining images . While a colour negative is always used as a source for printed images , and never as an end - result , slides are often projected or displayed in sheets . While negatives spend most of their lives in protection and darkness , slides usually come in for handling . Hence , if you have only one original of a prized slide , it is a good idea to copy it . The copy can then be used in slide shows .
The simplest way of making a duplicate slide is to attach a translucent mount in front of your camera , using either extension rings or an exension bellows to give a 1 : 1 enlargement . The original slide is placed in front of the translucent . frame , and a reliable light source aimed from behind , towards the camera . The camera's TTL meter will take care of the exposure of a normal original , but if the image is rather dark or light ( you will have to judge this for yourself ) , increase or decrease the exposure accordingly . Electronic flash has a consistent colour .
A more sophisticated and convenient method is to use a slide copier . This is a more expensive piece of equipment , but if you intend to make copies regularly , it will give you more control . Consistency is the key to successful slide copying . Most slide copiers use flash as a light source .
You can copy originals onto regular colour slide film , but there will be an increase in contrast . This may actually improve some slides , particularly those taken under flat lighting . Strongly - lit images with a big contrast range between shadows and highlights will , however , suffer . There are two ways of overcom- ing this build up of contrast : one is to fog the film very slightly at the time of exposure , and for this , slide copiers usually have an attachment that leaks a small amount of light onto the film in the camera . This has the effect of opening up the shadows slightly without affecting the brighter areas . The
ABOVE Copying slides can be a creative as well as mechanical process . Ordinary images can be given a boost by either adjusting the exposure or using filters during copying . In this case , a green filter has been added to great effect .
ABOVE AND LEFT Photos that were thought ' lost ' because of an error in exposure or a bad colour cast can be improved during copying with corrective filtration ( left ) .
second method is to reduce the development . Copying is most straightforward , however , if you use slide duplicating film , which is designed to keep contrast down .
As with colour printing , you will need to make exposure and filtration tests at the start . Use a 1B filter as a permanent part of the filter pack , then follow the recommendations that come with the slide duplicating film pack . Different batches of film need different sets of filters , so read the recommendations carefully when you buy new film .
Slide copier
Scale showing magnification and exposure increases
Focusing track
Contrast control unit
Photo- electric cell
Sync lead
Bellows
45 ° glass
Transparency holder
Filter drawer
Light control knob .
Open flash switch
Modelling light / flash exposure switch
Exposure indicator needle
Making a duplicate
1 With the lens aperture wide open , and the transparency placed in the holder , adjust both the lens and camera positions until the image is correctly framed and focused .
2 Stop down the lens to the aperture previously selected by testing , and , with the photo - electric cell swung over the transparency , rotate the light control knob until the needle is zeroed .
3 According to the amount of fagging needed , select the light output from the contrast control unit by rotating the rear dial . With experience you can judge the best level for each original .
4 Swing the photo - electric cell away . switch the unit from modelling light to its flash exposure setting , and expose by pressing the camera's shutter release .
CARING FOR PHOTOGRAPHS
SLIDE COPYING
Slide copying is a useful , basic technique that can be used to copy important original transparencies , to correct mistakes , and even for special effects like combining images . While a colour negative is always used as a source for printed images , and never as an end - result , slides are often projected or displayed in sheets . While negatives spend most of their lives in protection and darkness , slides usually come in for handling . Hence , if you have only one original of a prized slide , it is a good idea to copy it . The copy can then be used in slide shows .
The simplest way of making a duplicate slide is to attach a translucent mount in front of your camera , using either extension rings or an exension bellows to give a 1 : 1 enlargement . The original slide is placed in front of the translucent . frame , and a reliable light source aimed from behind , towards the camera . The camera's TTL meter will take care of the exposure of a normal original , but if the image is rather dark or light ( you will have to judge this for yourself ) , increase or decrease the exposure accordingly . Electronic flash has a consistent colour .
A more sophisticated and convenient method is to use a slide copier . This is a more expensive piece of equipment , but if you intend to make copies regularly , it will give you more control . Consistency is the key to successful slide copying . Most slide copiers use flash as a light source .
You can copy originals onto regular colour slide film , but there will be an increase in contrast . This may actually improve some slides , particularly those taken under flat lighting . Strongly - lit images with a big contrast range between shadows and highlights will , however , suffer . There are two ways of overcom- ing this build up of contrast : one is to fog the film very slightly at the time of exposure , and for this , slide copiers usually have an attachment that leaks a small amount of light onto the film in the camera . This has the effect of opening up the shadows slightly without affecting the brighter areas . The
ABOVE Copying slides can be a creative as well as mechanical process . Ordinary images can be given a boost by either adjusting the exposure or using filters during copying . In this case , a green filter has been added to great effect .
ABOVE AND LEFT Photos that were thought ' lost ' because of an error in exposure or a bad colour cast can be improved during copying with corrective filtration ( left ) .
second method is to reduce the development . Copying is most straightforward , however , if you use slide duplicating film , which is designed to keep contrast down .
As with colour printing , you will need to make exposure and filtration tests at the start . Use a 1B filter as a permanent part of the filter pack , then follow the recommendations that come with the slide duplicating film pack . Different batches of film need different sets of filters , so read the recommendations carefully when you buy new film .
Slide copier
Scale showing magnification and exposure increases
Focusing track
Contrast control unit
Photo- electric cell
Sync lead
Bellows
45 ° glass
Transparency holder
Filter drawer
Light control knob .
Open flash switch
Modelling light / flash exposure switch
Exposure indicator needle
Making a duplicate
1 With the lens aperture wide open , and the transparency placed in the holder , adjust both the lens and camera positions until the image is correctly framed and focused .
2 Stop down the lens to the aperture previously selected by testing , and , with the photo - electric cell swung over the transparency , rotate the light control knob until the needle is zeroed .
3 According to the amount of fagging needed , select the light output from the contrast control unit by rotating the rear dial . With experience you can judge the best level for each original .
4 Swing the photo - electric cell away . switch the unit from modelling light to its flash exposure setting , and expose by pressing the camera's shutter release .
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