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Academia - Collins - Pocket Scientific Dictionaries - Computer - English - French - Arabic Letter 1_P

packet switch stream (PSS)
flux m de commutation de paquets

Data packet switching stream.

See data communications.

packing density
densité f de tassement

Stacking density. A measure of the amount of data that can be stored in a backing store, usually expressed in bytes or bits per unit length.

For example: 800 bits per inch for half an inch of magnetic tape.

paddle
palette f

Palette. A paddle-shaped device for controlling the movement of an image, usually a slider on a screen. It is mainly used in games but has declined in popularity in the face of the joystick first and then the mouse finally.

page
page f

Page. A word often used to mean filling a screen with data as displayed by a monitor, although sometimes, as in the case of Prestel, the filled screen is called a frame. A page consists of several frames. Paging is the movement between computer memory blocks. Radio paging is a service provided by British Telecommunications.

paper tape
bande f perforée

Paper tape. Computer paper tape is usually 2.5 cm wide and is sold in reels of 250 metres each. The tape is perforated, character by character, with a row of holes, with every four rows occupying one centimetre of the tape length. Each row has an equal number of possible holes, which can be 5, 6, 7 or 8. The eight-track tape is divided into 5 on one side and 3 on the other by sprocket holes that are perforated at the same time and are used to guide the tape through the reader. Because this line is off-center, the tape cannot be fed to the other side.

RETUPMOC SNILLOC

A paper tape reader can read this type of encoding at a speed of 1500 characters per second.

parallel processing
parallel processing. Traditional computers process data and instructions sequentially, bringing them from the central memory to the central processing unit (CPU), processing them, and then transferring them to the outside. In parallel processing, microprocessors are connected in parallel, which makes the processing happen in several centers at the same time. It is believed that this is the way the human brain can perform many complex, ordinary tasks. A cube of microprocessors can together give 40-50 million instructions per second. This represents the performance of a supercomputer crammed into a small machine. Applications that require such ability include weather forecasting and operations that require enormous computational capabilities.

The most prominent parallel processors at the present time is the INMOS transputer supercomputer.

parallel transmission
transmission f en parallèle

Transmission in parallel. This transmission requires wires, or paths, no less than the number of bits transmitted simultaneously. Using 8-bit words, all eight bits of each word are transmitted in parallel through eight paths at the same time.

For example: Imagine six rows of soldiers, each row having eight men. To move this mass forward, each row can be moved forward in turn, so that eight men move in parallel.

Alternatively, the man to the left of each row can lead, and his row can follow him in a line or (in sequence).

In the language of electrical transmission, this solution only requires one wire, but the reality is that both systems have analog checks and handshake.

parameter
paramètre m

Mediator. During the execution of a program (or procedure), the computer often performs different tasks that depend on the value of something or on a specific key that was last pressed. Such values ​​that have a specific meaning to the computer are called arguments.

parity bit
bit m de parité

Parity bit. This added bit is included in a set of binary digits as a check to ensure that all the binary digits have been sent correctly. The value of this bit is 0 or 1 according to the values ​​of the other digits. If the number of ones, including the parity bit, is even, the word has even parity, and if the number of ones is odd, it has odd parity.