أكاديميا - كولنز - معاجم الجيب العلمية - الكمبيوتر - انكليزي - فرنسي - عربي الحرف ٢_f

Academia - Collins - Pocket Scientific Dictionaries - Computer - English - French - Arabic Letter 2_F

file inversion
inversion f de fichiers

Reverse files see sort inverted file .

firmware
micrologiciel m

Fixed software . An expression used to describe programs stored in read-only memories, which can be accessed very quickly and are not lost when the machine is turned off (non-volatile memory). Thus, they do not have to be inserted into the computer because they are permanently available in the machine .

first generation computers
ordinateurs mpl de première génération

First generation computers. These computers
which were manufactured in the forties and early fifties used electronic valves, while the second generation computers which were manufactured between the mid-fifties and mid-sixties used transistors. The third generation used integrated circuits .

fixed disk store
disque m dur

Hard disk store see hard disk store .

fixed - point arithmetic
arithmétique ƒ à virgule fixe

It is a fixed point calculation. This system involves placing the decimal point of each number in the correct place with the location being determined before the calculation is performed (such as having two decimal places for each number). This limits the size of the numbers but allows for faster calculations by computer.

See also: floating - point arithmetic

flag
signalisateur m

A pointer added to the end of a piece of data that can be used to indicate an error or to cause the hardware to move to another part of the program.

flat-bed plotter
traceur m à plat

flat plotter. See plotter.

flip-flop
bascule f

bistable vibrator. A basic electronic circuit that stays in one of two possible states until it receives a signal, at which point it switches to the other state and waits for the next signal to return to the first state. This circuit is technically called a bistable multivibrator and can be used as a storage device (two states: one for 0 and the other for 1) or for division by two since it requires two input pulses to output one pulse.

floating point arithmetic
arithmétique ƒ à virgule floating

Floating point arithmetic, unlike fixed-point arithmetic, these numbers are recorded as a set of digits with the power to which the base is raised.

For example: the decimal number 789.249 is stored as (+ 0789249) and (3). Most scientific calculators use this method, which, although slower in performing calculations, gives a larger range of numbers. Note that using E makes the number 0.7892495E3, and that EE turns the number into 7.89249E2.

floppy disk
disque m souple

plastic disk. A plastic magnetic disk that stores data and supplies it to a microcomputer.

When the disk is spinning in its cardboard case (say, at 300 rpm) in the disk unit, it becomes hard and can be read by the read/write head. The recording area is a belt of concentric tracks, each of which is divided into sectors. Discs can be single-sided, double-sided, or quad-sided, and soft- or hard-cut. Discs are available in three sizes: 3.5 inches (microdisc), 5.25 inches, and 8 inches in diameter. Advances in technology have made the latest 3.5-inch microdiscs capable of holding 1.4 megabytes, much more than discs of other sizes.

flowchart
organigramme m

Context statement. A set of frames or shapes drawn on paper connected by lines to show the order of a series of events. A programmer uses these shapes to explain the sequence of operations to be performed by the computer.
For example: The following is a context statement for correcting the tire pressure of a car using symbols.