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Academia - Collins - Scientific Pocket Dictionaries - Mathematics - English - French - Arabic Letter 2_ H

Hooke's law
loij de Hooke

Hooke's law. Hooke's law states that the extension of a spring is directly proportional to the load applied to it (provided that it returns to its unstretched length when the load is removed).

E=K×L
Where K is a constant that depends on the properties of the spring material.

horizontal
horizontal

Horizontal. A line is said to be horizontal if it is parallel to the horizon line.

A stationary fluid has a horizontal surface.

hour
heure f

hour. A unit of time equal to 60 minutes per hour.
A day consists of 24 hours.

hyperbola
hyperbole f

Hyperbola. A hyperbola is a curve from the conic family. It is the locus of a point that moves such that the ratio of its distance from a fixed point called the focus to its distance from a fixed line (called the directrix) is a constant greater than 1.

Ratio: p
PF1/LQ = e > 1

The ratio e is called the eccentricity of the hyperbola.

The hyperbola has two foci. The two dashed lines in the drawing above are called the asymptotes of the hyperbola.

The Cartesian equation of the hyperbola drawn above is:
x2/a2 - y2/ b² = 1

It has a focus (0,a) and a directrix x = a2/c where c2=a2+b2. The asymptotes are the lines

y/b= -x/a

y/b= x/a

hypocycloid
hypocycloïde f

Internal rolling. The inner roll is the locus of a fixed point P on the circumference of a circle rolled inside a fixed circle.

C1, C2, C3, and C4 are called cusps. The fixed circle in the drawing has a diameter four times that of the rotating circle.

hypotenuse
hypoténuse f

Chord. The hypotenuse is the longest side of a right-angled triangle. The hypotenuse is always opposite the right angle.

hypothesis
hypothèse f

hypothesis. A hypothesis is an assumption made on the basis of previous observations that is later used as a condition when proving the validity of some additional propositions.