أكاديميا - كولنز - معاجم الجيب العلمية - الفيزياء - انكليزي - فرنسي - عربي الحرف ٢_ b

Academia - Collins - Pocket Scientific Dictionaries - Physics - English - French - Arabic - Letter 2_ B


Becquerel, Henri
Becquerel, Henri

Bq. Henry Becquerel (1852 - 1908): The first to discover radioactivity in radium salt in 1896. As a result of his achievement in this field, he shared the Nobel Prize with the Curies.


bel
bel m

but rather . A unit for measuring the power of radiation (sound) or a signal (such as an audio signal) compared to a standard. The most common measurement is the decibel, or one-tenth of a billion.

I named this unit after Alexander Graham Bell, inventor of the telephone and the phonograph (the old record player). And the founder of the giant Bell Telephone Company.


bell
sonnerie f

bell . An electric bell is a working device
By means of an electromagnet. When the user of the bell closes the cutter, the iron core becomes a magnet that attracts an iron plate to itself. The attraction of this plate interrupts the circuit, so the force stops, and the spring returns the soft iron movement to its position shown in the drawing, which closes the circuit again. Some buzzers work this way as well.


Bernoulli principle
Principle m de Bernouilli

Bernoulli's principle. The pressure in a moving fluid decreases as the speed increases. Thus, if you blow between two pieces of paper, as in Figure (A) below, one of them moves towards the other. This effect leads to the generation of lift on the plane’s wing, an air stream, as in Figure (b).

Drawing (a)
Higher speed and lower pressure

Drawing (B)
Lower speed and higher pressure


betadecay
Beta installation

Beta decay. The decay of the nuclei of some radioactive isotopes. See radioactivity. An electron, or beta particle (B), appears, as in the decay of 14/6C (which is an isotope of carbon). Here, a neutron in the nucleus decays into a proton (remains) and an electron.
(He escapes with high energy).

(Energy 0/-1e + 1/1p < 1/1n (0/-1e represents particle B)

Thus, the isotope 14/6C has this reaction:

14/6C > 14/7N + 0/-1e energy

With this type of decay, the number of protons increases by one.
See alpha decay and gamma decay.

The energy transferred from the mass in the nucleus looks like the kinetic energy in a beta particle.

beta particle (B)
particule f beta

Beta particle. A high-speed electron released by the nucleus during radioactive decay or nuclear fission. Beta radiation is the flow of beta particles from some energetic source, and it carries a negative charge and energy. Beta radiation tends to travel within matter greater distances than alpha radiation, but not to the distances that gamma radiation reaches. The three radiations generate ions in the material they pass through and then...
Transfer energy to it.
See radiation detectors and atomic radiations.


bi-metal strip
bilame f

Bimetallic chip. A device made of two bonded strips of two different metals. One metal expands more than the other when a certain change in temperature occurs. Therefore, a bend occurs in the chip, the amount of which depends on it. This device is seen in thermometers and simple thermostats. The drawing shows one in a simple fire alarm device. When the temperature reaches a certain temperature, determined by the screw, the electric bell rings.