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bleach
decoloration f


Palace material. A substance used to remove colors from materials such as fabric and paper. Sunlight and oxygen act as tracers, but the most common tracer is sodium chlorate solution (1) NaClO, which is produced by the reaction of chlorine with sodium hydroxide solution:

Cl2 + 2NaOH → NaCl + NaCIO + H2O

(liquid) (aqueous) (aqueous) (aqueous) (gas)

Household palace materials contain sodium (1) chlorate solution. Chlorate (A) decomposes to give oxygen, which performs the function of the oxidizing agent:

Oxidant + NaCl < Colorant + NaClO
(color removed)

bleaching powder
Poudre fà blanchir

palace powder. A white powder with a complex structure made by reacting chlorine with hydroxide
Calcium, and contains chlorate (1) Calcium Ca (OCI)2.
This powder releases chlorine when treated with diluted acid.

boiling
education f

Boiling The transition from a liquid state to a gaseous state at a specific temperature, which is the boiling point. Boiling occurs when the vapor pressure of the liquid becomes equal to the air pressure above
The questioner.

boiling point
point m d'ébullition

boiling point. The temperature at which boiling occurs. This point is not fixed, but rather depends on atmospheric pressure, and the boiling point rises as the pressure rises. The boiling temperature is also affected by the presence of impurities in the liquid, as their presence raises the boiling temperature. See evaporation.


bond
liaison f

A bond. Atoms are held together into molecules by giant structures and molecules by chemical bonds. These bonds are forces between atoms generated by electrons. Either the electrons are shared between the atoms, or the atoms gain or “lose” electrons and form electrolytes.

The sharing of electrons usually occurs through covalent bonding when two non-metallic atoms come together, such as H-H or H-C. As for gaining or losing electrons, ionic bonding or electronic valence occurs when atoms of metallic elements and atoms of non-metallic elements come together, such as Na + CI or Mg+O.

Sharing electrons as hydrogen (H2)

Losing or gaining electrons such as sodium chloride (NaCl)


boron
boron m

Boron is a non-metallic element (see nonmetal) in the group group ||| From the periodic table. Boron oxide is used in making glass and boron from borosilicate glass. See components of alloys. It is used as a moderator in nuclear reactors.


borosilicate glass
Verre m de borosilicate

Boron silicate glass. Adding boron oxide (B203) during the manufacture of glass results in a material that does not expand much, and thus the glass can be heated and cooled quickly without it breaking, and pyrex glass is an example of this.

Boyle's law
Loi f de Mariotte

Boyle's law. The volume of a given mass of a gas, at a constant temperature, is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas, meaning that if the pressure “doubles,” the volume decreases by half.

brass
laiton m

zero. yellow copper. An alloy of copper and zinc usually contains about 30 percent zinc. Zero is an attractive yellow-golden material used in decoration and in electrical components such as electrical plugs.


brain
saumure f

Agag. A solution of sodium chloride in water. The solution is more concentrated than sea water and is used in the food industry and for preserving many foods. The chemical industry produces chlorine by electrolysis of brine.


bromide
bromure m

Bromide. A compound composed of bromine and another element. Metal bromides are usually ionic solids, such as sodium bromide (NaBr). See halides.

Nonmetallic bromides are usually covalent compounds, such as hydrogen bromide (HBr).