أكاديميا - كولنز معاجم الجيب العلمية - البيولوجيا انكليزي - فرنسي - عربي الحرف ٧_ c

Academia - Collins Scientific Pocket Dictionaries - Biology
English - French - Arabic letter 7_ C


control experiment
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Audit experience. A test conducted in the context of a scientific investigation in which the investigated factor is constant, so that its result can be compared with the result of another test in which the factor is variable.
. scientific method see


copulation
copulation f

Intercourse. The connection between two animals, a male and a female, for the purpose of fertilization. In the case of a human, the penis is inserted into the vagina and spermatozoa is released. See fertilization.


corm
bulbe f solide

Qurmah. organ vegetative plant reproduction in

Saffron clip
Lateral bud
Qurmah
Root
Final bud
Forming a new corm
An old corm from the previous year

Flowering plants consist of an underground stem that contains a food store and buds that grow into new plants. Examples of corms include gladiolus and crocus.


cornea
cornée f

cornea. Transparent tissue found on the front surface of the eye of a vertebrate animal. It is connected to the sclerotic sclera and is related to focusing images on the retina.
See eye.


cortex
cortex m

Shell . 1 - In animals: the outer layer of an organ, as in the kidney in mammals, for example. See medulla.

2 - In plants: a layer of cells between
Epidermis and vascular tissue. The cells of the cortex cover and support the tissue, and they may also store food in some cases. See stem, root, and leaf.


cotyledon
cotyledon

lobe. An embryonic leaf inside the seed provides food during germination, and in some plants it protrudes above the soil to carry out photosynthesis sometime before wilting. Flowering plants with one cotyledon are called monocotyledons, while those with two cotyledons are called dicotyledons.
. See seed and germination


cranial
crânien

Antiques. A term that describes the activities of the body and its departments related to the brain and cranium.


cranium
crâne m

The cranium is the skull of a vertebrate animal that covers and protects the brain.
. endoskeleton see


crop rotation
rotation f culturale

Crop rotation. Cultivating the same plot of land with a different crop every year to avoid soil depletion. Because different plants have different needs for mineral salts, changing the crop annually prevents the depletion of a particular type of these salts. Another benefit results from the fact that different plants have different root lengths and absorb mineral salts from different depths of the soil. Horny plants are often included in agricultural rotations because they fix nitrous oxide within their root nodules. A typical agricultural cycle could include wheat/rapese/barley/alfalfa/wheat. . etc.

crossing over
crossing over m

Crossing. See meiosis.

cuticle
cuticule f. epiderme m

Peel. A non-cellular layer secreted by the brown aerial epidermis of plants and many invertebrate animals. Plant scales reduce water loss by transpiration, while invertebrate scales provide protection against mechanical damage and may act as water retainers/repellents.


cytoplasm
cytoplasm m

Cytoplasm The part of the protoplasm of the cell surrounded by the cell membrane, excluding the nucleus.
. cell see