مشكلة تحلية مياه البحر، مشكلة اقتصادية .. كتاب في سبيل موسوعة علمية، الدكتور أحمد ذكي

The desalination problem is an economic problem

The problem in desalinating sea and ocean water is not, therefore, the methods we have described, a technical problem, as much as it is an economic problem. It's one eighth of the cost per cubic meter of water.

The goal of manufacturing sea water, i.e. desalinating it, or desalting it, is to reduce the cost price per cubic meter to the usual price in homes, factories, and farms.

They differed in estimating the cost of one cubic meter of desalinated water using the evaporation method. They said it was a shilling and 6pence. Others said it was 9 pennies, and they said that the cost of the icing method was 9 pennies.
These prices are close to the usual price of water.

However, there are those who doubt this estimate. Some even say that the price per cubic meter of local seawater, produced using the cheapest methods known to date, can only fall between three and four shillings per cubic meter.

- Comparison of the four methods of desalination of water that we described:

As for desalinating water with the sun, we can extract it from...
The comparison is due to its limited production, the dispersion of its capacity, and the space required for its factory. As we said, it is only suitable for necessities.

As for desalinating water by separating it from salt using porous plates and electricity, this is a method that can also be postponed. Because it is not useful, to this day, except for low-salt water. Then, if the price of electricity were cheaper and it was permissible to use it to desalinate sea water, sea water would contain small floating organic organisms (Plankton) that soon clog the pores of those plates that are the soul and pillar of the method, and are the most precious parts of which its device is composed.

The water remains desalinated by evaporation, and separated by refrigeration.
Both of them depend on the cost of energy, from
Whether heat or electricity.
In these two ways, people's hope is focused, especially in the future.

The corn enters the field and heads bow to it:

Yes . It's corn that people always rush to because of the large sizes of everything. Large sizes in peace. And large sizes in war and when fighting.

The atom we know produces heat. They come out of their ovens
The uranium is split in it. They called the furnaces reactors.

The atom we know produces electricity, but from heat.
I mean that the heat heats up the water intensely, and the water vapor comes out hot and strong and intense, turning the turbines, which rotate their coils of wire in a field of strong magnets, and electricity is generated.

So the atom produces heat.
Atom also produces electricity.

But how much does it cost? How much does this or that energy cost? The price decreases as the size of the atomic reactor increases. So let's go to the very large sizes. To the greatest magnitude in building atomic factories.

But how do we use corn to desalinate water?

If desalination requires electricity, then corn produces electricity, and despite the large factories it produces it cheap. Even the method of analysis using porous plates and electricity. This method, after the cheapness of electricity, may be used to desalinate seawater itself, not just low-salt water.

If desalination requires heat, the hot steam resulting from the splitting of the corn will be so intense that it is not suitable for desalinating water by evaporation. However, after pushing the turbines, it will disappear and it will lose much of its intensity and turbulence, so it will be in terms of temperature and pressure such that it is suitable for desalinating water by evaporation, in the same ways that
We described it.

The atomic plant will have two goals
together :
A - Electricity production.
B - Desalination of sea water.

The United States promised Israel fresh water:

We still remember the promise of US President Johnson, before the US presidential elections, to establish the largest fresh water factory in the world for Israel. He paid the price as a promise, and the Jews paid him the goods in the elections and votes. The promise remained fulfilled.

There is no secret about what the Americans will establish in Israel, nor is it magic. It is what we mentioned. A great reactor, producing great electricity, and at the same time producing great fresh water from seawater. It is useful for Israel in electricity (and electricity is a huge industrial energy), and it is useful for its water, and for its crops and reviving its dead.

Johnson promised Israel that he would build the largest nuclear factory for fresh water in the world. It was estimated at $190 million.

They are talking about establishing an atomic factory in Israel that produces 200,000 kilowatts of electricity, and 100 million meters of water per year.

On this occasion, remember that the “Israeli Ten-Year Project” for diverting the waters of the Jordan River stipulates that Israel will take from the river’s water in the year 700 million cubic meters of Jordan’s water and the water of Lake Kinneret together.

- And water desalination in France:

A French company planned to establish a factory that would produce 200,000 kilowatts of electricity and produce about 120,000 cubic meters of water per day. There are about 43 million cubic meters of fresh water per year.

- Rivers originating at the coasts of the seas:

But in America's plan to establish an atomic factory that produces electricity and fresh water together, it will be completed in 1967. This factory is supposed to provide electricity between one million and one and a half million kilowatts, and water between two and millions of cubic meters of fresh water per year. Today, it is between about 700 and more than a thousand, millions of metres
In the year .

These amounts are comparable to what some rivers give.
If we say that rivers, in the not-too-distant future, will spring from the coasts of the seas, flow where they used to originate, and flow to irrigate the earth in the opposite way, then how far we are.