المتوالية البَرَفينيَّة ومن مركباتها يتألف معظم خامة البترول .. في سبيل موسوعة علمية

It is the paraffinic sequence, and most of the petroleum crude oil is composed of its compounds

First, her name.
We call it the paraffin sequence.
Perfine is a Greek word that refers to the chemical stability of these compounds when they meet with chemical acids and other things. They do not change easily, because the carbon atoms in the compounds of this series have been completely saturated by the adrogen. Not a single lattice of carbon atoms is devoid of bonding to an adrogen atom. Therefore, it requires Another chemical bond.

The saturation of carbon by its complete union with the hydrogen atoms gave these compounds stability and stability, and with stability and stability comes a lack of chemical activity, unless the attacker is violent, in conditions that reduce their stability and stability.

Crude petroleum consists mainly of compounds of this paraffin series * It is many mixtures of them. Some of them melt quickly when heated, and some of them do not melt except at a high temperature. Many of them are in between.

For this purpose, the distillation of petroleum raw materials was achieved. He separates it into parts, precedes them in boiling. In separation, the mixture boils the fastest, such as automobile gasoline, for example. It is also called Gasoline, and it boils between about 30 degrees and 200 degrees Celsius. Like kerosene or gas, which is used as oil for lamps, it boils at between about 50 and 280 degrees Celsius. And the following parts of it
Diesel oils, machine lubrication oils, etc. Finally, wax or tar comes.

We reiterate here that these petroleum trains,
From gasoline to kerosene to oils for lubrication, to wax, none of them represent a single compound in itself, but rather several mixed compounds.

(This is a synthetic rubber tire for a car wheel made from petroleum chemicals)

We are not going to explain the distillation of petroleum in its stills
And its refineries. But we are about to mention which chemical compounds petroleum is composed of, in preparation for entering the new scientific and technical arena, called petroleum chemicals, those for which petroleum compounds are taken as a basis from which a new technology leaps and gives the civilized world. Of new products that he had no previous knowledge of.

This is the technology that harnessed petroleum and its compounds to create materials to fertilize the earth, others such as rubber, others such as plastics of various types and types, such as the fabrics from which we make fabrics, such as soap substitutes, and so on.

Materials that imagination did not connect with what he knew about petroleum fluids that he knew and were familiar with, but now science connects them and creates what imagination had not previously achieved.

* In pyrifinates, the carbon chain in the compound may be branched, but while these branched pyridines exist, all the carbon atoms remain saturated. In petroleum, five or six atoms, for example, then their two ends meet by uniting together and form cyclic compounds whose carbon atoms are all saturated by the hydrogen atoms. They are found, and the chain may rotate with its peripheries. This second group is called naphthenes, and its compounds are also found in petroleum. Aromatic chemical compounds, which are like the gasoline that we are accustomed to obtaining from the distillation of coal, may be found in petroleum, but in a very small percentage. However, they are found in the petroleum industries through recycling processes.
Forming compounds, through which we produce many useful compounds that are not found in petroleum, and they have a great importance in industry. These vehicles are gasoline derived from coal. . Its molecule is cyclic, and it is unsaturated, so it is radically different from automobile gasoline, petroleum gasoline, as this is a mixture of substances, and this is where the spelling differs in English. The Americans call automobile gasoline Gasoline, to avoid this confusion. These are three classes of hydrogenated carbons: perphenates, naphthalenes, and unsaturated cyclic hydrogenated carbons that originally result from the distillation of coal.