تويت
أنواع المطبوعات وحقوق العرض ..
إرشادات للعمل الحر ..
التصوير الفوتوغرافي الحديث
Types of prints and rights to offer
Because the photomechanical reproduction pro cesses lose some of the tonal values inherent in a good photographic print , it is best to only sub mit glossy or semi - glossy prints to those clients who will be printing the pictures in newspapers , magazines or books . Make sure your technique of ferrotyping is down pat so that you can produce a good glossy finish on your prints . If you are unable to do so , either dry your prints with the emulsion side up or use a semi - glossy paper such as Kodak's surface " J. "
While single - weight paper is satisfactory if you know how to keep it from curling into " tubes , " double - weight is preferred because it lays flat especially if given a pre - drying soak in a flatten ing bath . Prints may be bleed - trimmed or may have white borders around them . They should not be mounted but should be spotted ( if there's time to do so ) .
Contact proofsheets should be on single - weight glossy paper , ferrotyped . Glossy paper reveals maximum detail in the negative and the buyer should be able to see every speck of detail - - when viewing the prints with a suitable magnifying glass . Textured papers are not suitable under any circumstances for contact proofing .
Where there is time for the pictures to reach your market , submit enlargements of the key pictures which you feel tell the story . Enclose a complete set of contact proofsheets of all nega tives shot on the story . The picture editor can then determine whether there may be other prints which he wants and he can request exactly which ones from the proofs .
Maximum price for exclusive rights
When you submit your work for sale , if it has some specific additional value of being unique you can derive maximum price for selling the work on an exclusive basis . You give up all rights in such a sale , the buyer gets outright ownership .
Being the first to publish a photograph or pic ture story may also establish additional value on material which is not of such importance as to warrant purchase of exclusive rights . In this kind of a situation , the sale should be made on a " First Rights Only " basis . After the particular market has made use of the photographs , you still have the right to sell the same photographs to other markets within a reasonable time after the first customer has published them .
In most cases , sales will be made on a " One Time Use Only " basis . This means that the client can only use the material once and if , for some reason , he re - uses it or any part of it he has to pay you again . Always make certain that you and your .
SILHOUETTE treatment of oil refinery was made at dusk and removes it from run - of - the mill illustration . Photo from Shell Chemical Co.
UNUSUAL tree cutting machine in action makes interesting photo for use by company promotion program . It could also be sold to maker of machine . Photo from Weyerhaeuser Co.
customer agree on the terms of the sale and the kind of rights purchased so there will be no mis understandings .
It should be understood that , today , your mar kets are not a bunch of thieves out to steal your material . Businesses , publications and other picture buyers are ethical and they are willing to pay for what they get . It's true that some may be a little slow in paying , but there's no law that says you have to deal with such outfits . If you do encounter any problems , be sure to not submit to them again .
If you feel that you need the protection , you have the privilege to copyright your material . Then , any improper use of your photographs will be punishable in court where you can recover damages . On the whole , however , freelancers can - and should - trust the markets to which they submit their work for consideration .
Model releases and legalities
When you shoot pictures for sale and , espe cially for publication - you must fulfill the re sponsibilities of the laws concerning invasion of privacy , libel , slander and other situations in which you , your client and others could become involved . You will do well to always get model releases wherever possible if you intend to sell your pix .
In situations where you photograph a news event , model releases are not necessary . Feature type photos , advertising illustrations , promo tional pictures , cover photos , fashion shots , figure studies , cheesecake , etc. , require model releases . It should be noted that model releases for persons under legal age must be signed by a parent or guardian .
Because of the complexity of legal situations , it will be wise for every freelance and professional photographer to obtain copies of these books : Photography and the Law " by Chernoff and Sarbin and " Legal Aspects of Photography " by Robert V. Sherwin . Both are available on order through camera and book stores or by mail from SMP Books , Little Falls , N. J. 07424 .
You can also buy printed pads of model re leases or you can print up your own . If you do the latter , however , have your attorney verify the wording so it will stand up in court , if needed .
In addition to the legal aspects of picture - tak ing and selling , you must also be aware of the laws concerning income taxes , social security , business licenses and / or taxes which may be binding upon your operations in your particular area . Federal , state and local laws vary considerably and must be checked out as they may pertain to you .
If you operate a studio , you may have to check the zoning laws . Some areas restrict the locations of where businesses may be conducted . In general , if you do not have clients coming to you to be photographed or to conduct business on a regular basis , you can operate out of your own home as a freelance photographer doing non - studio types of photography . To be positive , check with local officials as to any existing regulations which may be binding upon your business .
Be sure to keep accurate records of all expenses involved in conducting your business and the production of income . You must have records to prove expenses so they may legally be deducted from your gross income to determine your net income . Figures to record include costs of equip ment ( which may be amortized over three to five years ) ; supplies , materials , chemicals , rentals , electricity , telephone , heat and cooling , salaries paid to assistants , model fees , business expenses connected with use of your car , etc.
Make certain that you cover all of your equip ment and operations with insurance to protect against losses of theft , fire , damage or personal liability actions . Insurance premiums are not that high that you should ignore such protection .
Where the timeliness of a picture is not of im mediate concern , you may deliver your work to your market in person if it is convenient . Chances are that your delivery service will be via the mails . To forward a package of valuable prints or film by mail requires that you properly prepare the material for shipment .
إرشادات للعمل الحر ..
التصوير الفوتوغرافي الحديث
Types of prints and rights to offer
Because the photomechanical reproduction pro cesses lose some of the tonal values inherent in a good photographic print , it is best to only sub mit glossy or semi - glossy prints to those clients who will be printing the pictures in newspapers , magazines or books . Make sure your technique of ferrotyping is down pat so that you can produce a good glossy finish on your prints . If you are unable to do so , either dry your prints with the emulsion side up or use a semi - glossy paper such as Kodak's surface " J. "
While single - weight paper is satisfactory if you know how to keep it from curling into " tubes , " double - weight is preferred because it lays flat especially if given a pre - drying soak in a flatten ing bath . Prints may be bleed - trimmed or may have white borders around them . They should not be mounted but should be spotted ( if there's time to do so ) .
Contact proofsheets should be on single - weight glossy paper , ferrotyped . Glossy paper reveals maximum detail in the negative and the buyer should be able to see every speck of detail - - when viewing the prints with a suitable magnifying glass . Textured papers are not suitable under any circumstances for contact proofing .
Where there is time for the pictures to reach your market , submit enlargements of the key pictures which you feel tell the story . Enclose a complete set of contact proofsheets of all nega tives shot on the story . The picture editor can then determine whether there may be other prints which he wants and he can request exactly which ones from the proofs .
Maximum price for exclusive rights
When you submit your work for sale , if it has some specific additional value of being unique you can derive maximum price for selling the work on an exclusive basis . You give up all rights in such a sale , the buyer gets outright ownership .
Being the first to publish a photograph or pic ture story may also establish additional value on material which is not of such importance as to warrant purchase of exclusive rights . In this kind of a situation , the sale should be made on a " First Rights Only " basis . After the particular market has made use of the photographs , you still have the right to sell the same photographs to other markets within a reasonable time after the first customer has published them .
In most cases , sales will be made on a " One Time Use Only " basis . This means that the client can only use the material once and if , for some reason , he re - uses it or any part of it he has to pay you again . Always make certain that you and your .
SILHOUETTE treatment of oil refinery was made at dusk and removes it from run - of - the mill illustration . Photo from Shell Chemical Co.
UNUSUAL tree cutting machine in action makes interesting photo for use by company promotion program . It could also be sold to maker of machine . Photo from Weyerhaeuser Co.
customer agree on the terms of the sale and the kind of rights purchased so there will be no mis understandings .
It should be understood that , today , your mar kets are not a bunch of thieves out to steal your material . Businesses , publications and other picture buyers are ethical and they are willing to pay for what they get . It's true that some may be a little slow in paying , but there's no law that says you have to deal with such outfits . If you do encounter any problems , be sure to not submit to them again .
If you feel that you need the protection , you have the privilege to copyright your material . Then , any improper use of your photographs will be punishable in court where you can recover damages . On the whole , however , freelancers can - and should - trust the markets to which they submit their work for consideration .
Model releases and legalities
When you shoot pictures for sale and , espe cially for publication - you must fulfill the re sponsibilities of the laws concerning invasion of privacy , libel , slander and other situations in which you , your client and others could become involved . You will do well to always get model releases wherever possible if you intend to sell your pix .
In situations where you photograph a news event , model releases are not necessary . Feature type photos , advertising illustrations , promo tional pictures , cover photos , fashion shots , figure studies , cheesecake , etc. , require model releases . It should be noted that model releases for persons under legal age must be signed by a parent or guardian .
Because of the complexity of legal situations , it will be wise for every freelance and professional photographer to obtain copies of these books : Photography and the Law " by Chernoff and Sarbin and " Legal Aspects of Photography " by Robert V. Sherwin . Both are available on order through camera and book stores or by mail from SMP Books , Little Falls , N. J. 07424 .
You can also buy printed pads of model re leases or you can print up your own . If you do the latter , however , have your attorney verify the wording so it will stand up in court , if needed .
In addition to the legal aspects of picture - tak ing and selling , you must also be aware of the laws concerning income taxes , social security , business licenses and / or taxes which may be binding upon your operations in your particular area . Federal , state and local laws vary considerably and must be checked out as they may pertain to you .
If you operate a studio , you may have to check the zoning laws . Some areas restrict the locations of where businesses may be conducted . In general , if you do not have clients coming to you to be photographed or to conduct business on a regular basis , you can operate out of your own home as a freelance photographer doing non - studio types of photography . To be positive , check with local officials as to any existing regulations which may be binding upon your business .
Be sure to keep accurate records of all expenses involved in conducting your business and the production of income . You must have records to prove expenses so they may legally be deducted from your gross income to determine your net income . Figures to record include costs of equip ment ( which may be amortized over three to five years ) ; supplies , materials , chemicals , rentals , electricity , telephone , heat and cooling , salaries paid to assistants , model fees , business expenses connected with use of your car , etc.
Make certain that you cover all of your equip ment and operations with insurance to protect against losses of theft , fire , damage or personal liability actions . Insurance premiums are not that high that you should ignore such protection .
Where the timeliness of a picture is not of im mediate concern , you may deliver your work to your market in person if it is convenient . Chances are that your delivery service will be via the mails . To forward a package of valuable prints or film by mail requires that you properly prepare the material for shipment .
تعليق