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التصوير الفوتوغرافي الحديث
ANIMAL PHOTOS make $ ALE $
The world's most famous photographer of animals , Walter Chandoha gives the lowdown on the wide range of markets for this type of photography and how to start freelancing in this lucrative field !
ONE OF THE BEST ways to attract attention to the Oprinted page , a package on a supermarket shelf , a calendar or other commercial item is to feature a photograph of an appealing baby or animal . Editors and art directors know this . Some photographers know it , too and , they make it their business to keep the art directors and editors well supplied with eye - catching photographs of babies and animals .
As a specialist in animal photography for many years , I have had my photographs used to sell such diverse products as cigarettes , women's bras , rail way cars , candy , pharmaceuticals , shoes , film , cor rugated paper , computer components and , the obvious pet foods and pet products .
CUTE animal shots like this are sure sellers for many markets , according to Chandoha .
You can use just about any type of camera to take animal pictures . Some will do the job easier , better and faster than others . The most popular camera today - the 35mm single lens reflex is excellent for photographing large animals but , it has a drawback for picturing small animals eye - level viewing !
The most desirable way to picture any animal is from their eye level . Since the eye level of a cat or dog is down near the floor , you can see why an eye level viewfinder is a drawback . It is awkward to shoot ground level pictures with an SLR unless you lie on your belly , not an especially maneuverable position for shooting photos . In some cases , of course , the animal ( s ) may be placed on an elevated plat form or table and then the eye - level viewfinder SLR will do fine .
A twin lens reflex like the Rollei or a single lens reflex like the Mamiya RB / 67 , Hasselblad , Bronica and similar cameras permit comfortable and fast ground - level viewing and shooting . You don't have to be a contortionist to work with them .
For zoo photography , the 35mm and 21/4 " eye level single lens reflex cameras are excellent be cause of the wide range of telephoto and zoom lenses available . A 200-300mm will be adequate for most zoo situations . If you want to get really big images , a 500mm mirror reflex telephoto is great . Should you ever contemplate going on an African safari , the 500mm will be a necessity .
Fill the frame with image
In all types of photography it is desirable to fill as much of the frame with image - as you can . So it is with animal photography , work for big images yet , be sure to leave some room to permit the art director or editor to crop the pictures for his needs .
With most cameras , the minimum focusing dis tance of the normal lens is between two and three feet . It is frequently necessary to be able to work in closer than this . There are three ways of reducing the minimum focusing distance : ( 1 ) With closeup Proxar ( portrait ) supplementary lenses ; ( 2 ) With extension tubes , and ( 3 ) With a macro lens . Any one of these methods will permit you to fill the frame with a closeup head shot of small animals .
An essential factor in animal photography is to have an assistant . It is the assistant's job to keep your animal models in place while you concentrate on getting good poses and expressions . You can go it alone when shooting a basket full of squirming kittens or puppies - but , you'll get far better results if you have someone helping to keep the animals within shooting range .
A posing table is helpful for confining the move ments of cats and dogs . The elevated surface gives them room to move around yet the height is a deter rent to any wide - ranging activities .
Because animals move and , at times they move rapidly , electronic flash is preferable to photo - flood lighting . The short flash duration freezes any move ment on the part of the animal and it negates any possibility of camera movement .
Use electronic flash
Since many unsharp photos are the result of camera shake rather than faulty focus , use of elec tronic flash will help you get sharper pictures . Electronic flash is also cool to work with and this is an advantage since hot floodlights tend to make small animals sleepy , just when you want them to be alert and bright - eyed .
The four essentials for animal photography , as explained , are : ( 1 ) Being able to get a large image on the film ; ( 2 ) Having a posing table on which to compose your animal shots ; ( 3 ) Having an assistant on hand , and ( 4 ) Use of electronic flash for light ing . The choice of film is up to the photographer although when shooting color for reproduction , transparency film is preferred by most of the markets .
Now , to get down to business . How does a free lance photographer go about making a sale to , say , a pet food company ? What makes a greeting card company buy the work of one photographer in pref erence to another ?
How do you know who might buy animal photos from a freelancer ? And , for that matter , what is a freelance photographer anyhow and , how can he build a successful business in animal photos ?
Fundamentally , a freelance photographer is a self - employed individual who makes his talents and services available to persons and companies for the purpose of selling stock photographs or making new photos to layout or description on an assign ment . To many neophytes , the idea of being a free lance photographer is comparable to paradise .
The freelancer has the ideal job - no boss , no time clocks , days off anytime , big fat fees and no sweat ! Sounds great . but is it ?
Most freelance photographers make the transition from an amateur status to professional in easy stages . As professionals , they soon learn that the difference between the two is like day and night .
An amateur making pictures for fun needs only to please himself . If his picture efforts are not suc cessful , he can try again another day when the in spiration may strike him . Or , he can try doing another type of photo ; he might even decide to go fishing instead of taking pictures .
The professional , however , must make photo graphs that not only please himself but , more im portantly , they must also satisfy the client . Moreover , the pictures must be delivered by a deadline !
Professional photographers who are not free lancers are staff personnel for companies , news papers , agencies , public relations firms . They have an advantage in that they receive a paycheck at regular intervals for the work they perform .
APPEALING portrait of a dog is typical of illustrations sought by many picture markets .
Paydays may be sporadic
As a freelancer , sometimes you may get assign ments that will pay at regular intervals , but , more frequently , receipt of paychecks will tend to be sporadic until you become established and have built yourself a good stock file of photos . " There is nothing coming in " , is the lament of many free lancers . When accounts payable begin to surpass accounts receivable , " nothing coming in " , can indeed be a problem .
The successful freelancer is one who has faith in his ability to overcome brief periods of economic disaster . He also is an individual who has determina tion to succeed and a willingness to work .
You have to be a dedicated and creative photo grapher . You have to love photography , it has to consume you . You have to be willing to spend all day shooting and / or selling and most of the night doing processing .
If you have the willingness to devote 10-12-14 hours a day to your job ; if you are constantly ex perimenting with new techniques and processes ; if you read anything and everything about photogra phy ; if you are interested in all kinds of the creative .
processes ; if you have a curiosity about everything around you and seek answers for them then , you'll make it as a freelancer . And , it can be a very rewarding career !
However , if you like to goof off and are afraid of work ; if you can do things only if you're told to do them ; if you like the security of a regular pay check then freelancing is not for you as a full time profession . But , put all of your talent and efforts into it and you will find yourself making frequent bank deposits !
How do you get started ? Go slow . Before a baby can walk , it first learns to crawl . The crawling stage of freelancing is doing it in a parttime basis while employed fulltime . The security of a steady job will be helpful to you .
It will help finance your cameras , lenses , lighting equipment , darkroom and supplies . More impor tantly , it will be a period during which you can determine whether freelancing is really for you . If you have a 9 to 5 job and you spend your evenings and weekends freelancing ( and loving every minute of it ) , you're on your way . The crawling stage will also give you an opportunity to build your reputa tion .
It is important to promote yourself , to get your name and photography known and talked about . One way to do this is to enter photo contests . While the cash and prizes that you can win in the contests will be helpful , much more valuable is the publicity you'll get .
- PHOTOS on these pages show some of the uses and markets to which Chandoha has sold his work . At top left jigsaw puzzles , greeting cards , calendars . Below pet foods , brassiere package , candy box . Top right ad illustra tions . Bottom right - magazine cover photos .
If you are a good , creative photographer , winning contests can be easy . Just follow the rules to the letter , enter the maximum number of photos allowed and make your prints the largest size permissible . Prejudge your own entries . If you really think you'd give a prize to your entry , by all means enter it . If you have any doubts , don't enter it . And , remember that cute shots of animals are frequent contest winners !
Entering and winning contests is actually an extra curricular activity of freelancing . Every form of promotion you can use to make yourself well known , should be used .
التصوير الفوتوغرافي الحديث
ANIMAL PHOTOS make $ ALE $
The world's most famous photographer of animals , Walter Chandoha gives the lowdown on the wide range of markets for this type of photography and how to start freelancing in this lucrative field !
ONE OF THE BEST ways to attract attention to the Oprinted page , a package on a supermarket shelf , a calendar or other commercial item is to feature a photograph of an appealing baby or animal . Editors and art directors know this . Some photographers know it , too and , they make it their business to keep the art directors and editors well supplied with eye - catching photographs of babies and animals .
As a specialist in animal photography for many years , I have had my photographs used to sell such diverse products as cigarettes , women's bras , rail way cars , candy , pharmaceuticals , shoes , film , cor rugated paper , computer components and , the obvious pet foods and pet products .
CUTE animal shots like this are sure sellers for many markets , according to Chandoha .
You can use just about any type of camera to take animal pictures . Some will do the job easier , better and faster than others . The most popular camera today - the 35mm single lens reflex is excellent for photographing large animals but , it has a drawback for picturing small animals eye - level viewing !
The most desirable way to picture any animal is from their eye level . Since the eye level of a cat or dog is down near the floor , you can see why an eye level viewfinder is a drawback . It is awkward to shoot ground level pictures with an SLR unless you lie on your belly , not an especially maneuverable position for shooting photos . In some cases , of course , the animal ( s ) may be placed on an elevated plat form or table and then the eye - level viewfinder SLR will do fine .
A twin lens reflex like the Rollei or a single lens reflex like the Mamiya RB / 67 , Hasselblad , Bronica and similar cameras permit comfortable and fast ground - level viewing and shooting . You don't have to be a contortionist to work with them .
For zoo photography , the 35mm and 21/4 " eye level single lens reflex cameras are excellent be cause of the wide range of telephoto and zoom lenses available . A 200-300mm will be adequate for most zoo situations . If you want to get really big images , a 500mm mirror reflex telephoto is great . Should you ever contemplate going on an African safari , the 500mm will be a necessity .
Fill the frame with image
In all types of photography it is desirable to fill as much of the frame with image - as you can . So it is with animal photography , work for big images yet , be sure to leave some room to permit the art director or editor to crop the pictures for his needs .
With most cameras , the minimum focusing dis tance of the normal lens is between two and three feet . It is frequently necessary to be able to work in closer than this . There are three ways of reducing the minimum focusing distance : ( 1 ) With closeup Proxar ( portrait ) supplementary lenses ; ( 2 ) With extension tubes , and ( 3 ) With a macro lens . Any one of these methods will permit you to fill the frame with a closeup head shot of small animals .
An essential factor in animal photography is to have an assistant . It is the assistant's job to keep your animal models in place while you concentrate on getting good poses and expressions . You can go it alone when shooting a basket full of squirming kittens or puppies - but , you'll get far better results if you have someone helping to keep the animals within shooting range .
A posing table is helpful for confining the move ments of cats and dogs . The elevated surface gives them room to move around yet the height is a deter rent to any wide - ranging activities .
Because animals move and , at times they move rapidly , electronic flash is preferable to photo - flood lighting . The short flash duration freezes any move ment on the part of the animal and it negates any possibility of camera movement .
Use electronic flash
Since many unsharp photos are the result of camera shake rather than faulty focus , use of elec tronic flash will help you get sharper pictures . Electronic flash is also cool to work with and this is an advantage since hot floodlights tend to make small animals sleepy , just when you want them to be alert and bright - eyed .
The four essentials for animal photography , as explained , are : ( 1 ) Being able to get a large image on the film ; ( 2 ) Having a posing table on which to compose your animal shots ; ( 3 ) Having an assistant on hand , and ( 4 ) Use of electronic flash for light ing . The choice of film is up to the photographer although when shooting color for reproduction , transparency film is preferred by most of the markets .
Now , to get down to business . How does a free lance photographer go about making a sale to , say , a pet food company ? What makes a greeting card company buy the work of one photographer in pref erence to another ?
How do you know who might buy animal photos from a freelancer ? And , for that matter , what is a freelance photographer anyhow and , how can he build a successful business in animal photos ?
Fundamentally , a freelance photographer is a self - employed individual who makes his talents and services available to persons and companies for the purpose of selling stock photographs or making new photos to layout or description on an assign ment . To many neophytes , the idea of being a free lance photographer is comparable to paradise .
The freelancer has the ideal job - no boss , no time clocks , days off anytime , big fat fees and no sweat ! Sounds great . but is it ?
Most freelance photographers make the transition from an amateur status to professional in easy stages . As professionals , they soon learn that the difference between the two is like day and night .
An amateur making pictures for fun needs only to please himself . If his picture efforts are not suc cessful , he can try again another day when the in spiration may strike him . Or , he can try doing another type of photo ; he might even decide to go fishing instead of taking pictures .
The professional , however , must make photo graphs that not only please himself but , more im portantly , they must also satisfy the client . Moreover , the pictures must be delivered by a deadline !
Professional photographers who are not free lancers are staff personnel for companies , news papers , agencies , public relations firms . They have an advantage in that they receive a paycheck at regular intervals for the work they perform .
APPEALING portrait of a dog is typical of illustrations sought by many picture markets .
Paydays may be sporadic
As a freelancer , sometimes you may get assign ments that will pay at regular intervals , but , more frequently , receipt of paychecks will tend to be sporadic until you become established and have built yourself a good stock file of photos . " There is nothing coming in " , is the lament of many free lancers . When accounts payable begin to surpass accounts receivable , " nothing coming in " , can indeed be a problem .
The successful freelancer is one who has faith in his ability to overcome brief periods of economic disaster . He also is an individual who has determina tion to succeed and a willingness to work .
You have to be a dedicated and creative photo grapher . You have to love photography , it has to consume you . You have to be willing to spend all day shooting and / or selling and most of the night doing processing .
If you have the willingness to devote 10-12-14 hours a day to your job ; if you are constantly ex perimenting with new techniques and processes ; if you read anything and everything about photogra phy ; if you are interested in all kinds of the creative .
processes ; if you have a curiosity about everything around you and seek answers for them then , you'll make it as a freelancer . And , it can be a very rewarding career !
However , if you like to goof off and are afraid of work ; if you can do things only if you're told to do them ; if you like the security of a regular pay check then freelancing is not for you as a full time profession . But , put all of your talent and efforts into it and you will find yourself making frequent bank deposits !
How do you get started ? Go slow . Before a baby can walk , it first learns to crawl . The crawling stage of freelancing is doing it in a parttime basis while employed fulltime . The security of a steady job will be helpful to you .
It will help finance your cameras , lenses , lighting equipment , darkroom and supplies . More impor tantly , it will be a period during which you can determine whether freelancing is really for you . If you have a 9 to 5 job and you spend your evenings and weekends freelancing ( and loving every minute of it ) , you're on your way . The crawling stage will also give you an opportunity to build your reputa tion .
It is important to promote yourself , to get your name and photography known and talked about . One way to do this is to enter photo contests . While the cash and prizes that you can win in the contests will be helpful , much more valuable is the publicity you'll get .
- PHOTOS on these pages show some of the uses and markets to which Chandoha has sold his work . At top left jigsaw puzzles , greeting cards , calendars . Below pet foods , brassiere package , candy box . Top right ad illustra tions . Bottom right - magazine cover photos .
If you are a good , creative photographer , winning contests can be easy . Just follow the rules to the letter , enter the maximum number of photos allowed and make your prints the largest size permissible . Prejudge your own entries . If you really think you'd give a prize to your entry , by all means enter it . If you have any doubts , don't enter it . And , remember that cute shots of animals are frequent contest winners !
Entering and winning contests is actually an extra curricular activity of freelancing . Every form of promotion you can use to make yourself well known , should be used .
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