الجريدة النموذجية بين العقل الالكتروني والخدمة الصحفية ١_a .. كتاب صحافة الغد

The model newspaper between the electronic mind and the press service:

What is a typical newspaper? How do we reach it in the present era? The reader does not realize what modern technology brings to the newspaper he reads every morning. All the reader looks forward to is press service and beautiful printing. He does not care after that how this matter is done, or how much effort is made in the editing room or in the assembly hall. He just wants to enjoy reading his favorite newspaper.

This newspaper. How can I favorite it? There are two ways that make a reader prefer one newspaper over another. These two methods go hand in hand. The first method is modern printing, and the second method is modern printing. Excellent service.

In order to reach modern printing, the newspaper must become exemplary in the equipment it uses, and always be in contact with technological experts and innovations found in the journalistic industry.

In this chapter, we will try to explain how a newspaper can become a model, and to show the technical steps that need to be taken in order for the newspaper to rise in the eyes of its reader, and to always become something indispensable.

A successful journalistic institution is always struggling against “time,” and every minute that passes in the (journalistic) day without production has an impact on the newspaper and the reader. The wheel of daily work turns as follows:

1- The source of the news.

2 - The news reaches the editorial office via telephone, ticker (an electric typewriter that operates via a telephone or wireless line), and mail.

3 - When the materials are ready, the editor begins selecting the best ones for publication.

4 - The editor uses the archives department to complete the topics and news, and determines the required font type and size. As for the pictures, he puts the sizes on them. Then he determines the colors.

E - The technical departments begin work to prepare the collection of materials and engraving the images, then some of these operations are completed manually, such as correction and retouching.

6 - After extracting the proofs of the collected assets, the process of technically removing the newspaper (packaging) begins.

7 - A copy of the page of lead lines and image clichés is printed by hot pressing on a cardboard (so-and-so), upon which semi-circular lead molds are then poured.

8 - Next comes the process of printing, assembling and binding.

9 - Then distribution begins by all means of transportation so that the newspaper reaches its reader on time. All of these steps must be completed within certain specific hours of the day or night. The editorial department plays a major role in preparing the copy and preparing it for the following technical operations, which is equipped for the huge task it performs, which must be completed in an integrated manner, not disrupted by the stopping of numerous machines. Therefore, the editorial department finds that it is forced, before sending materials and images, to ascertain to what extent and for how long it can continue sending the originals and images, and then follow these processes step by step to ensure that the preparation for printing is complete. This effective and continuous control over the production departments allows the editorial department to know when to stop sending materials and photos, and to shorten them if necessary. In some cases, it is possible to modify the first work plan and withdraw some materials before collecting them, or withdraw some pictures before engraving them, so that the first edition of the newspaper is not exposed to the dangers of delay that may result. There is an increase in returned copies. And to be done. These operations are carried out in the shortest possible time, and it is inevitable to use modern equipment that produces the newspaper as quickly and better as possible. The most important of these devices is the electronic mind.

Let us now start with the source of the news. What is meant by the source of the news is the human mind that sends the news (or material) in its original form, represented by press correspondents abroad, delegates at home, informants, photographers, agencies, etc. These materials reach the press institution through modern means of communication. They may arrive by telephone, where they are recorded on recording devices to prevent loss of time, or they may be captured by shorthand on a typewriter, which may be connected directly to the electronic mind, and the mind stores them on a magnetic recording tape in its central memory. Some other materials arrive on the ticker machine to the editing department, and the printer outputs a written copy along with a perforated tape. This tape passes through the electronic brain, which also stores it on a magnetic tape in its memory.

Other materials also arrive from correspondents by telegraph or mail, and these materials are written on the typewriter connected to the mind. The mind stores all these materials in its memory. Before sending these materials to the mind, the writer places certain symbols on the typewriter before writing. These symbols act as commands to the mind, telling it to put this news in the local news store, put this topic in the foreign news store, and place this investigation in the accident store. Thus, each subject in each subject records a number in memory. The mind reviews every material that enters it so that it can classify it and place it in the appropriate place. When these materials enter the mind and it stores them, it produces at the same time a printed copy of every material that entered it, on typewriters located in all editorial departments. For example, if sports materials enter him, he stores them first and takes them out at the same time printed on a typewriter located in the sports department. Thus, each department head receives his own material and news for review. The printed material comes out of the mind with a symbol at the beginning of the subject - and this symbol is understood only by the electronic mind - and this symbol indicates the place where this material is stored, and in front of each printed line there is a specific number starting at the beginning of the subject from number 1 until the end of the subject. This number has an important benefit when it comes to correcting and amending the written copy.

Only now does the review department begin its work in the newspaper. It is noted that this method is done differently from the form in which it was done in newspapers that do not use the electronic brain. Because the materials here enter the mind and are stored before reviewing them, that is, they are stored as the reporter or informant wrote them, and then reviewed in the next step.

The mind, in turn, awaits the final decisions made by the review department in the editing room regarding each topic. It first receives the code for the topic and then begins the process of storing the stored material. He also receives orders from the editor regarding the day, hour and minute in which this topic or news will be published.

The electronic mind is equipped with a clock and a result that indicates time for a period of one hundred years. He cannot miss the deadline at all. Rather, he can correct editing errors in the dates, as he can know that March 27 is not a Wednesday, as the editorial department told him, so he immediately corrects today. The mind also receives editing commands in the required font type and size and records them in its memory. Some of these symbols give the mind the right to remove material that has passed more than a week or after a certain date, and the editor no longer needs it. He can also postpone the publication of some materials to another date due to space constraints, and each time the mind asks the editor - via a typewriter - if he needs these materials or removes them from his memory. He can also - according to orders - remove it from his central memory and store it in a backup auxiliary memory until it is needed. This system makes it impossible for the editorial office to lose any postponed news, as happens in most newspapers, and thus this news is stored without taking up large areas of the printing press hall.

When the review department finishes its work on these numbered copies, it sends them to the typewriters connected to the mind. The worker on the machine writes the code for the topic and then the line number to be modified or deleted. Thus, these commands reach the mind, which in turn sends them to the store, where they are immediately modified in less than one millionth of a second.

All materials that enter the mind after review are immediately processed in terms of controlling distances and sizes, and are immediately printed on an electrostatic printer.

Or in the form of a film in cases of compilation by photography (cold printing). These proofs contain the subject number, instructions for compilation, and a new number for each line. Because it often happens that large paragraphs are added in the review section or many lines are deleted, which changes the number of lines in the article. All of this is not absent from electronic work, and therefore it returns to giving new numbers in front of each line of the article. When the proof is printed on the electric printing press - and it is possible to request several proofs from the mind - this proof is sent through air suction pipes to the correction department, which in turn returns it again to the typewriter, and these corrections return again to the mind, and in an extremely rapid speed all these modifications are made in the mind’s memory. Electronic. A final proof is produced immediately and sent to the editing department. Then the head of the review department writes one word on this proof: print.

This command is sent to the mind via a typewriter

At the same time that the mind receives the written material, the technical secretary and editor have finished giving other instructions regarding the images. These instructions enter the mind, which gives each image a specific number and receives instructions for the size required for this image. The mind also stores these instructions in its central memory. When instructions for pictures are sent, the typewriter produces a readable copy with which the editorial department can know these instructions so as not to confuse the matter. With instructions for pictures, the mind receives orders regarding when to publish them. Before the specified date, the writer in the engraving department is given a warning to prepare the required cliché at the appropriate time. These instructions provide the editorial department with continuous oversight of the drilling department.

As for advertisements, they go through these same steps. The advertising department writes its materials on the typewriter in its office, which is connected to the electronic brain via a telephone line. The Advertisements section adds other instructions regarding the name of the advertiser and the type of advertisement. These instructions are stored in the auxiliary memory, and a printed copy is produced at the appropriate time with the advertiser’s name, account, phone number, address, and the price and area of ​​the advertisement.