آثار العمارة الأيوبية في سورية ٣_a .. كتاب العمارة العربية الاسلامية

Ibn al-Muqaddim, who died in the year 597/1200, is located in the Al-Dahdah locality. It has a well-built dome that rests on four arches and has a neck made of two ribbed layers and a grooved bowl.

28 - Preservative soil: It is now located within a modern garden in the Al-Mazraa area, north of the newly built Al-Othman Mosque. It was moved from its original location, which was a few meters to the east, due to the modern planning of the area. The soil is attributed to a woman known as the Khatun Arghun, who was nicknamed Al-Hafiziya because she raised the Ayyubid prince Al-Hafiz Arslan, son of King Al-Adil Abu Bakr. She died in the year 648 / 1250, and her grave had a shrine made of precious wood, which is believed to be the coffin in the National Museum bearing the name of Bakhti Khatun, daughter of Sultan Qaiser Shah Qalij Arslan, and the date of her death was also in the year 648 AH. The building is distinguished by its gate, which has a rare arched lobed roof. The dome consists of a single-storey neck composed of double windows alternating with corner sashes.

29 - Turbah Ibn Zengi: named after the Seljuk prince Mahmoud bin Mawdud bin Zengi (nephew of Nur al-Din), who died in the year 624/1226, and it is located in the locality of Ain al-Karsh. It has a well-constructed dome with a two-storey dome, on whose sides the windows alternate with corner sashes. The inscription on the door indicates the presence of the grave of the son of the owner of the soil, who died in the year 635 AH, with his father in one shrine.

30 - French soil: Its location is in Salhiya, an alley between the schools. It contains the tomb of Sheikh Ali Al-Faranti, who died in the year 621/1224. Its dome is in good condition and is in the style of Ayyubid domes, with a two-storey neck: the lower is hexagonal and the upper is dodecagonal. Inside there are stucco decorations.

31 - Al-Turbah (1) Al-Qaymariyya: In Salihiya, close to Al-Bimaristan Al-Qaymari, it contains the shrine of Prince Saif al-Din Abu Al-Fawaris Al-Qaymari, the founder of the aforementioned Bimaristan. He died in the year 654 AH. Its dome is good, supported by four arches, and has a ribbed stone neck. There are spherical triangles in the corners of the dome to secure the transition.

32 Turbah Mithqal: In Al-Salihiyah, opposite the New Mosque, it was demolished and all that remained of it were its walls and the well-made shrine, which belonged to the Mujahid Abu Sa’id Mithqal bin Abdullah Al-Jamdar, who died in the year 621/1224.

33 - Turbah, wife of the Great King Issa bin Al-Adil, called Ain Al-Shams, died in the year 631 AH. Her daughter was buried with her. The soil was destroyed, and all that remained was its facade and the graves. The location of this soil is in Salihiya, east of the Sheikh Mohieddin Mosque. This soil was known as Cairo, named after the conquering king Ishaq bin the just king Abu Bakr.

34 - Al-Dahdah soil: An unidentified soil, in the Al-Dahdah locality, near the Sheikh Abdul Rahman Mosque.

35 - Al-Turbah Al-Saramiyya: In Al-Salhiyya, west of the Hanbali Mosque, it was demolished and turned into a residential house. What remained was the shrine, made of stone decorated with inscriptions and decorations, of Sarim Al-Din Barghash Al-Adili, who died in the year 608 AH.

36 - The stellar soil: attributed to Najm al-Din Ayyub, the father of Saladin. But he was not buried there because he died in Egypt, but rather one of Saladin’s sons, King Al-Mansur Hassan, who died in the year 575, was buried there. It has a dome and its place is in Saruja Market, west of the Levantine School.

37 - Al-Nataifiya soil: its location in the western Hanbali Salhiya. It is attributed to Muhammad bin Ali bin Nazif, who died in the year 602 AH. An elaborately built stone facade, with molded edges topped with merlons, resembling tombstones.

38 - Turbat Ibn Salama: In Al-Salihiyah, from the east, it has a beautiful dome, with a neck composed of two floors of windows and corner slits. It is attributed to Al-Hasan bin Salama Al-Raqqi, who died in the year 610 AH.

39 - Al-Turbah Al-Khatuniya: It contains the tomb of Al-Khatun Ismat Al-Din, wife of Sultan Saladin. Before him, she was the wife of Nour al-Din until his death. She died in the year 581 AH. This soil is located inside the New Mosque in Salihiya and is beautifully built with plaster decorations inside.

40 - Turbah Al-Masjaf: A dome standing on four stone arches without walls, built 617 / 1230. It contains a shrine for Abu Al-Qasim bin Ghanaim Al-Asqalani, known as Al-Masjaf. He died in the year 615 AH. Its location is in the southwestern orchards near Kafarsouseh.

41 - Dome of Sayyar: A dome standing on four arches without walls. It is likely that it is a memorial building. The date of its construction is unknown, but its architecture is Ayyubid. It was named after Prince Siyar Al-Shuja'i. Some of them consider it to be the dome of the observatory, which Ibn Asakir attributes to Al-Ma’mun. He said: “He built the dome that rose above the Monastery of Maran and turned it into a fireplace.

42 - Turbat Rayhan: He is Rayhan bin Abdullah Atiq, the Great King Isa Al-Ayyubi. It was built in the year 641 AH and is located in Al-Salihiyah, northwest of Al-Jharkisia School. What remains of it is its facade and the neck of the dome.

43 - Al-Turbah Al-Kamiliya: The turbat of King Al-Kamil Muhammad bin Al-Malik Al-Adil Abu Bakr bin Ayyub. He died in the year 635, and its location is behind the northern wall of the Umayyad Mosque. It was demolished, and the tomb was studied. All that remained was the open soil window on the porch of the Umayyad Mosque, with the text of the history of the soil on it. During the Mamluk era, the deputy of the Damascus Citadel, Balban bin Abdullah, was buried there.

44 - Al-Asadi soil: attributed to Ali bin Abdul Qadir Al-Qurashi Al-Asadi, who died in the year 618 AH. Its facade and the neck of its dome remain. Its location is in Al-Salihiyah, in the Sheikh Muhyi Al-Din neighborhood.

45 - Tarkhaniyah: A building with an Ayyubid-style dome. We could not find anything about it. Today it is located inside a residential house in the Al-Aqiba locality, east of Ma’rifat Al-Nahhasin Mosque.

46 - Al-Turba Al-Kanjia: It is located in Al-Salhiya in the alley located east of the Hanbali Mosque. Its facade remains, and on it are inscriptions chronicling the death of two of the Al-Ganji family. One of them died in the year 652. The second was in the year 670 AH.

47 - Turba Abd al-Rahman bin Najda: He was a captain in the Damascus Citadel. He died in the year 601 AH. The soil has a well-built stone facade, and on the lintel of its door is an inscription of history. The location of this building is at the foot of Qasioun, north of the Hanbali Mosque.

48 - Unknown soil: It is located west of the Hanbali Mosque, facing it. What remains of its stone facade is its doors and windows built in the Ayyubid architectural style, surmounted by merlons in the shape of tombstones. Its door is without an iwan, surmounted by a makhmos arch.

49 - Unknown soil: located next to the previous soil. What remains of it is its facade, and merlons at the top in the shape of mashrabiyas. The arch of the door is decorated with alternating colored stones.

50 - Al-Tashtdar Mosque: It is located in Al-Salihiya, to the south of the Hanbali Mosque. It is distinguished by its facade containing a door with a curved arch, and a stone history plaque decorated with a braided frame. The mosque is attributed to Abdul Rahman bin Abdullah Al-Tashtdar, who renovated it in the year (637 AH).

51 - Al-Musalla Mosque: It was built by King Al-Adil Abu Bakr bin Ayoub in the year (606 AH), then it was demolished and renovated. Only the base of the minaret remains of the Ayyubid building.