الفرق بين علم النفس والعلوم الاخرى

الفرق بين علم النفس والعلوم الاخرى


E - The difference between psychology and other sciences



E - The difference between psychology and other sciences

So you see that looking into psychological forces and the essence of the soul is of no use to psychology


Scientific knowledge may even harm it. It is not important that we extract our knowledge of the soul from a particular philosophical doctrine or belief. Rather, what is important is that we follow the scientific method in observing psychological phenomena, classifying them, and revealing their laws. I have seen that psychological phenomena, even if they cannot be touched with the hand or seen with the eye, actually exist, and no one doubts that their existence is as real as the existence of external things, except that they are not perceived by the senses, but rather by feeling, and we are now speaking about the distinction between psychology and the other sciences. .

A - The difference between internal truth and external truth. We begin now with this last purpose and say: There is a matter that must be pointed out at the beginning of this research, which is the matter of sensation with which we perceive the external world. What is its nature, and what are the limits of psychology in relation to it? There is no doubt that sensation is a psychological phenomenon, and there is also no doubt that we cannot see external things without it, but can we define the subject of psychology based on it? Do not all external things be dissolved into sensations? Do we realize it if we lose our senses? This book has shape and color. Can I perceive it with an instrument other than sight? It has weight and texture, so can I perceive it except through the sense of touch? It is as if external things are sensations to my senses, as if they are things that exist within the soul. How can we differentiate between the ego and the non-ego if each of these two worlds is decomposed into different sensations? This is what we will return to when examining the perception of the external world, but we say now: Were it not for the distinction between internal things and external things, we would have confused the subject of psychology with the subject of the natural sciences. Because if we include sensation in psychology, the subject of this science includes all other sciences

.What we see and verify experimentally now is that differentiating between external events and internal events such as desires, emotions, and memories is very easy, and there is no difficulty except in sensation. The natural world, which does not base its knowledge on tangible things, has its discussions become a departure from nature, and the psychological world, which is not connected to sensation, is incapable of clarifying perception, knowledge, and agitations. And desires; However, each of these two worlds looks at sensation from a special perspective. If the naturalist investigates sensation, he looks at it from the standpoint of its organization in an external form that he calls nature, and if the psychic investigates sensation, he looks at it from the standpoint of its entry into a second system called the soul.


6 If it is said that these images contained within the soul are only effects of external things, and that they have no value in relation to the material world. The natural world studies the truth, while the psychological world only studies the shadow of the truth. We said that the psychological world is closer to the truth than the natural world, because it deals with sensations directly. From this perspective, you find psychology more bound to direct sensory experience than other sciences, because it does not change the nature of the images that take place in the soul, but rather sees them in their first, natural guise. What science maintains direct contact with reality more than psychology, and what subject is closer to the source of truth than The subject of this science?

Elementary psychological phenomena are perceived by intuition and observed at their source, devoid of all attachments. Does man perceive the phenomena of the material world except from the perspective of himself? Is the natural world limited in his investigations to his sensory observations, not according to my age? He distances himself from the tangible and is familiar with the abstract, so he moves from symbol to symbol, and from term to term, a truth that moves away from the first sensory reality. There is no middle ground between the psychological world and itself when it relies on the subjective method. It is the strangest of the pioneers of truth to the source from which they draw.