موسوعة العلمـاء و المخترعين .. المخترعون بالترتيب حسب اسم الشهرة .. الحرف ش

Encyclopedia of scientists and inventors .. Inventors in order according to the nickname .. The letter Sh

⏹ Chardonnay Heiler Bernigo (Comet) D
Chardonet, (Comte) Hiliair Bernigaud de

French chemist and physicist (1839-1924)
He is one of the students of the world and Pasteur, in the Ecole Polytechnic.
Chardonnay was interested in studying the life and diseases of silkworms, and he came up with the invention of a kind of artificial silk made of cotton as a basic material, which is made into “nitrocellulose, then dissolved in alcohol and pumped through minute holes into a bath that absorbs alcohol, leaving rayon threads.”

⏹ A young man, Claude Chappe,

Engineer, physicist and revolutionary (years 1763 - year 1805)
He was a young man with multiple fields of interest. In addition to his political activity, he had a number of physical and engineering achievements. · However, his most important achievement was his invention of the telegraph or the Visual Telegraph, which was a successful precursor to the electric telegraph.
A young system relies on transmitting messages through movable arms on wooden beams that the receiver observes through binoculars, and the positions of the arms represent the written letters according to a specific pattern.

Sprengel, Hermann Johann Philip
Sprengel, Hermann Johan Philipp

German-British chemist (1834 - 1906)
Sprengel's studies were in Gittingen and Heidelberg in Germany, then he moved to Oxford and London to conduct research in chemistry and acquired British citizenship.
This invention was useful in the electrical study of rarefied tubes.
Sprengel is also mentioned for his design of a tube in the shape of the letter “U”, (Latin U), which is used to compare the densities of liquids.
He was elected a member of the Royal Society.

⏹ Schwarz, Berthold
Bertold Schwartz

German monk and inventor (1318-1384)
It is believed in Europe that he is the inventor of gunpowder (gunpowder was known in China and was used in fireworks in ceremonies long ago). He was the first to cast primitive cannons that were used in wars • There are those who attribute to Roger Bacon the invention of gunpowder among his inventions.

⏹ Schwanhardt, Gainorg
Georg Schwanhardt

German industrialist (1601 - 1667)
He worked in the glass and precious stones industry
Schwanhardt benefited from the hardness property of precious stones and was a pioneer in the use of diamond cutting in cold forming glass.

⏹ Schetzenberger Powell
Paul. Schützenberger,

French chemist (1827 - 1897)
Steisenberger emerged as a physiological chemist
. He also conducted research in the field of dyes and fermentation and wrote a number of books in chemistry, the most important of which are:
Traité de chimie generale

Stesenberger invented artificial silk called Celanese, which is rayon, in the manufacture of which vinegar is included, and which is worth mentioning achieved an important commercial success.