موسوعة العلمـاء و المخترعين .. العلمـاء بالترتيب حسب اسم الشهرة .. الحرف ١_م

Encyclopedia of Scientists and Inventors.. Scientists in order according to their nickname.. The letter 1_m

⏹ Maxwell, James Clark
Maxwell, James Clerk

Scottish physicist, (1831 - 1879)
Maxwell studied in Edinburgh and Cambridge, then worked as a professor of natural philosophy in Aberdeen and Kings College London in 1860. In the year 1871 he was appointed professor of experimental physics in Cambridge, where he organized the Cavendish Laboratory. Maxwell reached an understanding of the mathematical nature of the electromagnetic field. And he worked on revolutionizing the electrical theory by issuing his electromagnetic theory of light (around the year 1865). This led to the discovery of electric waves. Maxwell explained that the speed of light is equal to the speed of electric waves, and that both types of waves are transverse waves. Maxwell published research in Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism in 1873.
His theory was neglected even years after his death. Then it returned to the scene of interest when Hertz put in 1888 a practical proof showing that electromagnetic waves have much longer lengths than light waves.
Maxwell indicated that the rings surrounding Saturn could not be solid or continuous. He also explained that light has kinetic (mechanical) pressure, and the scientist Crookes proved that. Maxol's studies included color vision, in this regard, "Maxol's disc, color blindness, and the kinetic theory of gases and heat."
Al-Famaxol published a famous book entitled: Matter and Motion in 1876.

⏹ Macquorn ( ? ) Macquorn

Scottish physicist (1820-1872)
He is attributed to the introduction of the word “energy” in physical use with a specific scientific meaning in the year 1860.
Other sources indicate that Kelvin, Lord William Thomson, used the same word for the same meaning in 1854.

⏹ McCollum, Elmer Werner
McCollum, Elmer Verner

American functional chemist (physiologist) (1879-)
McCollum studied in Kansas and Yale, then worked as a professor in Wisconsin, then taught biochemistry at Johns Hopkins University.
McCollum conducted extensive studies on nutrition and growth, and authored a number of references in this field, including a book entitled: Food, Nutrition and Health.

⏹ Mann, Adrian Van
Maanen, Adrian Van

Dutch-American astronomer 1884-1946
Mannen came to prominence through his work at Berks Observatory and Mount Wilson Observatory. Mannen was interested in astrophotography and tried to explain, using comparison between images, that the nuclear matter actually flows on the arms of the spiral nebulae • Mannen made astronomical measurements, some of which relate to Ursa Major, but the results of the measurements related to Ursa Major are not acceptable.

⏹ Meitner, Lise Meitner Lise

Austrian physicist (1878 - )
Meitner became famous through her work as a professor of physics and a member of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin from (1917-1938).
Meitner, in collaboration with Hahn, discovered the new radioactive element “protactinium” and found evidence of the existence of four radioactive elements (having atomic numbers 93, 94, 95 and 96). It conducted extensive studies on nuclear physics in general, including the three main radioactive decay chains and on "beta" radiation.
Meitner has worked at the Nobel Institute in Sweden and at the Swedish Royal Institute of Engineering Sciences in Stockholm.