موسوعة العلمـاء و المخترعين .. العلمـاء بالترتيب حسب اسم الشهرة .. الحرف ١_ل

Encyclopedia of Scientists and Inventors.. Scientists in order according to their nickname.. The letter 1_L

⏹ Lason, Joseph Marie François
Lassone, Joseph Marie Francois

French chemist and physician (1717-1788)
Lason was famous as a skilled surgeon, but he left medicine after the psychological trauma he suffered when he discovered that the body he was about to cut with a scalpel to reveal the causes of death was still alive. Lason discovered carbon monoxide gas while reducing (returning) zinc oxide burned by charcoal.

⏹ Lashley, Carl Spencer
Lashley, Karl Spencer

American psychologist (1890-1958)
Lashley was educated in West Virginia and Pittsburgh and at Johns Hopkins University, then worked at a number of American universities. He worked at Harvard as a professor of neuropsychology. Lashley has specialized in genetic psychological problems, and has published several research and articles on this subject. He also participated in editing The Journal of Psychology.

⏹ Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent
Lavoisier Antoine Laurent

French chemist (1743 - 1794) ·
Lavoisier learned astronomy, botany, and chemistry, then became director of the gunpowder factories of the French state after the revolution.
In the year 1794, he was arrested on charges of moistening army tobacco during his work in the Metric Standards Committee. Although nothing was proven against him, he was executed.
And the phrase that was said to him in the courtroom is still: “The Republic does not need scholars, but rather needs justice, a blot in the history of the French judiciary and a disgraceful disregard for genius, the like of which is rare in history.”
Lavoisier was the first to argue for the indistructibility of matter, and he is one of the main founders of modern chemistry.
That is, in addition to his discoveries and experimental conclusions, he interpreted the results of the experiments of other scientists.
And the conclusion of the works initiated by Cavendish, Black and Berlestelli, especially the latter.
Lavoisier's experiments were of the quantitative type in the first place · He determined the composition of nitric and sulfuric acids, and he was the first to produce gas water and invented the Gasometer (a device for measuring quantities of gases usually used in laboratories).
Lavoisier introduced new chemical terms and names that were accepted by other chemists and replaced the old system.

⏹ Laveran, Charles Louis Alphonse
Laveran, Charles Louis Alphonse

French physician (1845 - 1922) ·
Laveran learned in Strasbourg, then worked as a military doctor at the Val-de-Grace Military School of Medicine. He studied malaria in the Algerian country for three years and discovered the parasite that causes it. Laveran also studied sleeping sickness (bacterial). He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1907, and he also received an honorary title from the Pasteur Institute.

⏹ Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Mont Chevalier
Lamark, Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Mont Chevalier

French naturalist (1744-1829)
Lamarck was educated at a Jesuit college, then joined the army. Soon after, he left the military service due to the deterioration of his health, and began to study medicine and botany, so he worked as a professor of biology at the Botanical Garden » •
Lamarck was distinguished by a restless life. He married four times and had a large family and was always in trouble. However, he added to biology important achievements, especially with regard to division systems. Lamarck developed the science of invertebrate fossils (fossils or fossils) and developed a theory of evolution that shed some light on the work of Darwin. prove it. He was the first to use the word “biology” in the current sense, and made it a unifying science for animals and plants.
Lamarck was the first to classify a number of animals such as annelids, crustaceans, arachnids, and others. Among his most prominent works are the books entitled: Philosophie Zoologique, published in 1809, and the natural history of invertebrate animals.
Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Sans Vertébrates
who worked on its composition from 1815 to 1822.