تكبير الصورة على الورق الحساس الأبيض وأسود بواسطة المكبر ١_a ..

Third: enlarge the image on black and white sensitive paper by magnifier
3

Zooming in we get a big positive picture

Negative size While the area of ​​the image on the sensitive paper is the same as the area of ​​the negative in the printing process, we find that the image when enlarging is much larger than the size of A, and this is affected by the height of the magnifier head, the focal length of the lens, and then the space of the available sensitive paper.

And the enlargement is done on fast sensitive paper of the bromide or chlorobromide type

After enlarging or printing, sensitive paper is developed in the same way.

Zoom steps:

-1. Amplifier setup.

Preparation of acidification basins and solutions.

Negative selection. Choose sensitive paper

e - Adjust the zoom ratio

6- Adjust the focus.

Exposure adjustment.

- Adjust the colors e in the zoom usually colored).

9- Developing sensitive paper.

10 - Fix image defects
As for steps 2, 9, 10, we will mention them briefly, and then we will come back to mention them with the development and preparation of the image.

<-1 Preparing the amplifier:

The magnifier must be placed on a sturdy and stable table that is not subject to vibration, and the magnifier must be kept clean at all times, by covering it during operation. Do not use with a cover that is impermeable to dust. In the absence of a cover with the amplifier upon purchase, you can cover it with a large plastic bag like the one used to collect garbage! Before doing an enlargement session, the magnifier must be wiped with a clean piece of cloth. It is preferable to use a special antistatic cleaning cloth.

. cloth

It must be confirmed that the lens is clean by removing it and viewing its surfaces under a strong oblique light. If the lens is dirty, clean it first by blowing off the dirt on it with a blower, then wipe it with a brush and blow it again. If they are still dirty, moisten a sheet of lens cleaning paper with a lens cleaning solution (this is not eyeglass lens cleaning solution) and wipe the lens with it, then buff the lens with a clean, soft piece of suede. These cleaning kits are sold at retail stores.

Photography tools. The negative carrier must be cleaned, especially if it is of the type that contains glass, in the same way as cleaning the gland.

2- Preparing acidification basins and solutions:

Prepare the wet area in the dark room by arranging the display basins, stopping and fixing, then the washing basin, and make the appropriate safety light for the type of paper at a distance of not less than 120 cm from the acidification basins. And you can put acid bottles in a water bath
To maintain its temperature until the start of acidification.

3- Choose the negative

- Not every negative is suitable for enlargement, and some negatives give excellent results without any interference, and some give excellent results with little shading or burning, and some cannot get a good picture from them. A good photo begins before you pull the trigger. See my book - Photography is a Science and an Art

The appropriate negative is the one that received an exact exposure and was well acidified. It was kept clean without scratches. Thus, we find that the good negative has medium density and medium contrast, and we know this negative by placing it on a written page that we can read the words through the dense areas and the areas of light) and we find that the areas of low density are the areas of shadows (light gray and not as clear as glass and some details appear in it, so we find.

Densiy should not be confused with Contrast or Gradation. Density means the degree of darkness of the negative as a whole, while contrast means the difference between the darkest areas of negativity (lighting areas) and the lightest areas of negativity (shadows areas).

We note that the intensity and contrast depend primarily on:

A - exposure inside the camera.

b- Duration of the show and the composition of the show solution.

Overexposure increases intensity and decreases contrast.

Increasing exposure leads to increased density and increased contrast, and vice versa.

Thus, we find that we are faced with nine possibilities:

Overexposure - Exact exposure - Underexposure).

X

Show plus - show exactly - show incomplete).