أنواع المرشحات -٢- كتاب فن التصوير الفوتوغرافي

types of filters

A photographer who wants to understand the use of filters for contrast should remember the following three things:

1- An image of a light colored object appears if a filter is used to color the imaged object.
For example, if you are photographing a document whose paper is yellow, using the G filter (dark yellow), the paper will appear white.

2- The image of a colored object appears dark if a filter is used that absorbs the color of the object, because this filter does not allow the passage of only a little light reflected from the object to the film. If you are photographing a document written in light blue ink and you want to show the blue writing in the darkest way possible without making the whole image dark, then using a red filter that absorbs most of the blue light gives the best results in terms of contrast between the paper and the writing.

3- To show the best details of a colored thing, picture it in a way that makes it light. The leaves of a dark green tree show their best details when photographed through a green filter, just as the grains and veins of a piece of “Mugono” wood show the color in the best way if a red filter is used.

Table II shows the absorption or leakage characteristics of the different colors of filters.

3- Hage Filters

These filters are used to improve and clarify the image after a large landscape. The atmosphere, with what it carries from dust, water vapor, and the air itself, makes it impossible to see distant details and record them on film. Red filters are used for this purpose, and sometimes infrared filters are used for very distant scenes.

4- Neutral filters:

They are not colored filters in the full sense of the word, as they have no color, which is because they absorb all colors in the same amount, and they are used somewhat, like uncolored sunglasses to reduce the power of light.
These filters are used to reduce the degree of exposure when it is not possible to reduce it by other means, for example in cinematography when a fast movie is filmed under intense light, where the smallest aperture of the camera keeps the exposure greater than required.