اختيار الوضع المناسب للتصوير .. كتاب فن التصوير الفوتوغرافي

Choose the appropriate shooting mode

perspective

Perspective in photography can be defined as: the image of things and their relationship to each other as they appear to the lens. And this picture (Fig. 16) when the camera is placed close to the subject, you get an unnatural picture. After the nose is 12 inches, it will appear one and a half times larger (1/2 1) than its normal size, compared to the size of the ear, which is 18 inches away.

The location from which the image was taken.
If you take the picture very closely, the
Close items appear exaggerated.
Which distorts the perspective, and it is a mistake that the novice photographer usually makes, and he must be aware of it, especially when photographing people (portraits).
close up .

The distortion of perspective is not caused by the use of a lens with a short focal length, as is common, but rather by getting the camera too close to the subject or thing to be photographed. This is clearly shown in Figure 16, which represents the position of the camera in relation to a face to be photographed close up.

The distance between the camera lens and the person's nose is 12 inches, and the distance between the lens and his nose is 18 inches. And since the closer the objects are, the larger the size of their image will be, so the image of the nose will appear one and a half times larger in relation to the ear, which gives a distorted image, or a distorted perspective.

Now let's move the camera 6 feet (72 inches) away from its previous position. The ratio between the nose and the ear is now 84 to 90, and this ratio gives a very natural perspective. Picture 17 shows a distorted perspective resulting from photographing the person very closely. Note the man's exaggerated size.

So, it is not the small focal length lenses that are responsible for the distortion of perspective, but rather the camera's exaggerated approach to the subject. To take a picture of a person or a (portrait), it is advisable to use a lens with a relatively long focal length (85 mm), because it gives a large picture and forces the photographer to move away from the subject so that he can see it fully in the camera viewfinder.

It is also possible to use lenses with a short focal length (35 mm) to take a picture at a reasonable distance, and enlarge the picture when printing it to obtain a well-perspective and distortion-free portrait. This is not possible when shooting color slides (slides) or cinematography, so it is necessary These types of photography are multiple focal length lenses.

Viewing angle:

The angle of view of a camera lens is expressed in degrees, and most standard lenses have an angle of 50 degrees.
If the angle is more than that by an appreciable amount, the lens is called: a wide-angle lens, and if it is less than that (50 degrees) by an appreciable degree, the lens is called: a long-focal lens or a lens for distant photography.
( Long-focus or telephoto lens )

For a certain size of an image, the focal length of the lens determines its angle of view, so lenses with a large focal length have a small angle of view, while lenses with a large angle have a small focal length (Fig. 18).

In fact, there is a constant relationship between the angle of view and the perspective that the lens sees through that angle, and the best and most natural perspectives are those that are taken with a camera viewing angle that ranges between 40 and 50 degrees. The reason is that with such an angle of the lens, you have to move far enough away from the subject to give a comfortable, natural perspective.