تعرف كيفية إلتقاط الصور .. كتاب فن التصوير الفوتوغرافي

Take pictures

As you get to know your camera, without putting film in it, practice doing all the steps as if you were taking a picture of something.
If your machine is of the simple lens type, you do not have to do anything, but if it is of the compound type, the steps are:

1- Preparing the camera for shooting.
2- Focusing
3- Determine the aperture value and exposure speed. 4- Take a picture.
E moving the film to a new image.

1- Preparing the camera for shooting:
What is required to prepare the camera for photography depends on its type, as a simple camera with a fixed lens does not require preparation.
As for other cameras, there are several processes to prepare them for photography. Hence the importance of reading the accompanying instruction booklet.
Two simple things can be noted.
1: If the camera has a lens cover, one must not forget to remove it.
The second is that if you are using a film of the type that is placed in a plastic box, with a film on it to preserve it, that film must be removed before inserting it into the camera. These two simple things are the reason for the destruction of many films.

2- Focusing:
Here too, if the camera is of the type with a fixed lens, there is no scope for the focus process to make the image clear. All you have to pay attention to is that the subject to be photographed is not too close to the lens, and the camera's instruction manual specifies the minimum distance from which you can shoot, and get a clear picture.
But if the camera allows focus work, then you must place the distance indicator on the number that indicates the distance of the subject, to be photographed, from the camera lens. This process is called focusing by scale. Here you have to estimate that distance. One of the important exercises is to train your eyesight to estimate distances, such as training for example to estimate distances of 3 meters, five meters, and ten meters, for example, then actually measure the distance to see the accuracy of your estimate.
But if your camera is of the reflex type, that is, the one in which you see the subject through the lens, or if it is of the type equipped with a viewfinder, then you must read the instruction manual, and then practice the process of focusing on different subjects and dimensions.

The process here is generally easy, because it is enough to look into the viewfinder and see the subject, then start turning the focus cylinder to see the subject clearly. But your ability to estimate distances remains useful even with this type of camera, because you may need to shoot in weak light with which you cannot see and focus clearly, as you want to photograph a subject at a speed that does not allow you to focus while you are aiming your camera at it.
One of the useful exercises for estimating distances is measuring them with your steps, such as training, for example, to measure a distance of three or five meters with a number of your steps, and repeating the process until you reach an accuracy close to measuring with a real meter.

3- Determine the aperture value and the shutter speed (Exposure):
The next step is to set the time period to expose the film to light. Here you can estimate the appropriate period, but the margin of error is large, especially if the film is in color. You can also use the exposure table attached to the film. But the best way is to use exposure time meter: (Exposure meter). We will study in detail the topic of exposure meter later, and we will now take a quick look at this topic.

There are three types of exposure meters.
1- An independent exposure time measuring device.
2- A device for measuring exposure time that is attached to or inside the camera, so that the indicator of the meter can be seen through the viewfinder, and when adjusting the aperture and adjusting the shutter speed, another indicator moves. And when the two indicators meet, you have obtained the appropriate exposure time.

3- A device that measures the duration of the automatic exposure, which is inside or connected to the camera equipment, in such a way that when the lens is directed towards a subject, the device automatically adjusts its lens aperture, or its shutter speed, or both, ensuring the correct exposure degree. In this type, all you have to do is point the camera at the subject, focus and then press the shutter button to take the picture.
In most of these cameras, the automatic adjuster can be stopped by moving a lever and using it manually, i.e. finding the exposure degree by moving the aperture and shutter speed dials.

4- Taking a picture:
First check that everything is ready in the tack. Once again, remove the lens cover if your camera has a lens cover, and remove the protective cover from the face of the film if you use this type of film. Check whether the shutter speed indicator is set at the appropriate speed, and check the aperture value. Look at the subject that you intend to photograph through the viewfinder, and put it in the template that you see fit, and as you want in the final image. Do not rush things in this process. Try several angles of vision until you reach the angle that you see fit, and choose the angle in which the subject is a beacon for a suitable image, and remove all the blurred details from your image. In this regard, it is necessary to know the principles of composition, which we will discuss in detail later.
Take a deep breath, and hold your breath. Hold the camera and stop it from moving, then press the shutter button. The good way is to hold the camera firmly with your two hands, leaving the witness's finger free above the button, then press it and not push it, because pushing the button will make the camera shake, and make the picture shaky. It is recommended to take pictures with a shutter speed of less than . from a second in the manner presented above, i.e. with a hand-held camera. Rather, it is obligatory not to use a tripod and to use a cable release to press the shooting button.

E - moving the film to take a new picture:
Immediately after taking the picture, move the film scroll lever to place a new picture. With this you are ready to take another photo; You may find yourself in a situation where you have to take a picture quickly, and the process of moving the film and placing a new picture should become a habit for you.