تعرف إلى آلة تصويرك .. المصراع المتحرك (The Shutter) ، العدسة ،فن التصوير الفوتوغرافي

Get to know your camera.. the shutter.. the lens

Instructions for use
Each new photocopier is accompanied by a booklet containing the necessary instructions for using the machine. This booklet contains valuable information specific to each machine, because the cameras are all the same, but they also differ. Also, reading the instruction manual is essential for every amateur or professional photographer.

Know the parts of your instrument
Examine and verify every part of your "camera", every button, every lever, and all moving parts, and make sure of the function of each of them, and how to use it. Refer to the instruction manual if in doubt about the function of a part. If you want to run the tech and use its full potential, the time you waste getting to know it will not be in vain.

The moving shutter
You will find a series of numbers on the shutter control dial.
(The time period for exposing the film) This disk is sometimes called the lens cylinder, and these numbers refer to the closing speed of the cover. They are placed like this:

1, 2, 5, 10 up to 250 or 500 or 1000 B

Its meaning is: 1 - one second, 2 represents 1/2 of a second, and it represents 1/5 of a second...etc.
In some cameras, next to these numbers, there is the letter T, meaning Time, and in others, the letter B, meaning Bulb or lamp for shooting with artificial lighting.

Open the camera as if you want to put a movie in it. Open the diaphragme and place it at the smallest number F - number (f), then place the shutter control dial at point B or T, depending on the machine, then point the camera towards the sky or a brightly lit wall, and press the shutter button and keep it pressed. Then look through the lens from inside the camera. Notice how the moving shutter opens and stays open until you release the shutter button. Try several shots with varying exposure times to get an idea of ​​how the shutter works. Note the small amount of light needed to make an image. .

Put the diaphragm back on the letter B or T, press the shooting button, keep it pressed and look through the lens to see the diaphragme, and notice what happens when you put the controlled disk at its smallest aperture (F - number) large F - number You will see how decreasing and enlarging the aperture of the diaphragm affects the amount of light entering the camera.

Make sure you understand how the Shutter works, and which lever to move to test its speed.
The relationship between the speed of the moving shutter and the aperture of the diaphragm is very important and we will explain it later.

lens
The lens and the diaphragm are essential parts of the camera, and you should get to know them and inspect them carefully.
If the camera has a lens whose focus can be adjusted and adjusted (Adjustable focus), you will find the numbers indicating the aperture of its lens
Or (F-number) engraved on the bracelet around that lens. The numbers indicate the lens opening, also called (lens aperture) or (lens stop).

There are two types of numbering: the first uses the (F-System) scale, and numbers are placed in it as follows:

F - 1.4 , 2 , 2.8 , 4 , 5.6 , 8.11.16.22 .

The second uses the optical value system (EVS) or (LVS), and the numbers are placed in this way:

3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , etc.

We will explain later the meaning of these numbers.
As for the way to apply it to your machine, the instruction booklet that belongs to it explains that, read it carefully, and do not just look at it quickly.