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Is it necessary to rewind the tongue of the film in the cassette?

It may be best to rewrap the film tab back into the cassette when the film is used up unless you are doing the processing using a daylight loading acidbowl with the film tab attached to the acidbowl reel Most laboratories open cassettes (in complete darkness) When you want to take out the film for development, but also one of us can try to pull the film through the lips of the cassette, then the possibility of film scratching may increase

Rewinding the tongue also avoids the risk of confusing the used film with the new one. In the event that this is likely to occur permanently, fine scratch lines are searched between the pinhole holes in the film, or for light signs of stress on the sides of the holes in which the pinion teeth engage.

When partially exposed film is taken out, the tab should not be rewound in the cassette, but rather the end containing the photosensitive layer of it should be used to record notes on the number of frames of images that have been exposed to light. etc. When the film is inserted a second time, it is separated by this number of frames with the lens covered with its cap or the film is fired

The shutter is in a completely dark room.

Some cameras have a dial with a colored spot and another half black with a sun symbol and another light bulb symbol. What is the purpose of this disc?

This disc, shown in Figure 13, is a device used to indicate the type of film that was loaded into the camera. Depending on the type of film, the color or black-and-white point is set against a cursor or other mark, as shown
The sun symbol and the lamp symbol indicate the type of films that are shot in daylight or with a lamp or artificial light - in the case of using color films This inserted disc has no effect on the camera's settings, exposure or focus operation ( to illustrate the picture) but it is just a pointer. There is no doubt that the accuracy of this disk depends on the memory of the person who performs the imaging process in order to use it

There used to be many different types of these means, but the modern model of them we find now in the form of a frame or a pocket behind the camera in which the end loop extended from the film carton is slipped when a new film is inserted (Fig. 13b).
For cameras not equipped with any of these means, the end tab is slid into the camera box from the back or secured with tape inside the roof of the box

How is the exposure time calculated when making double exposures?

The calculation of exposure time for double exposures relates to the situation where the images are either overlapping, superimposed, or each occupying a separate area

from the movie

If the entire film or only a part of it is exposed more than once, the exposure time is divided by the number of times to be exposed to the light. For example, for three exposures, the main exposure time is divided by three and each is given a third of the total, but if the film frame is to be exposed in sections or parts, even if it takes several different shots, each is assigned its own full exposure time. snapshot is done

Why not roll the 35 mm film directly onto another cassette?

The idea of ​​using another cassette is not new and has several advantages. This system has been used in many cameras, such as Akva Kart Rapid and Robot..etc. Unfortunately, camera manufacturers have failed to standardize among themselves. For a camera robot, the camera cassettes had to be returned by the film processing labs, which was not appropriate. And certainly it was time to devise a consistent system to avoid the need to transfer the film twice inside the camera and twice through the felt-lined cassette lips.

The intake reel is simply inserted into the camera, and then it is rewound again in its original cassette at each exposure. Like every photo frame, there is at least one model of cameras. The standard 35 mm cassette can be used in all feeding and handling operations. This model is the Exacta Varix camera. One of the advantages of this camera is that it contains a knife inside that cuts the exposed images from the film and wraps them in the handling cassette for immediate processing.

Do any other cameras have internal motors like some recent models of 35mm SLR cameras?

There are very few cameras that contain internal motors in them and they are still in circulation now, but there were many of them at a period of time. Among the most famous is the robot camera, which is still manufactured in various forms for artistic photography and photographing records and archives. These cameras contain an automatic film moving mechanism that is managed by an automatic motor, and it is rewound by means of a large cylinder-shaped button on the top plate. The camera produces 40 images measuring 24,724 mm on a standard 35 mm film containing 36 images, and most models feature interchangeable lenses. As for the recent models of these cameras, they have returned to the usual 24 x 36 format. The Hasselblad ELIM is a special model favored by professional photographers, but it requires a SEPA mount in most
use it.
Other motorized cameras include the Canon Dial (half-frame) 18x24mm, Rekohav, and Leningrad full-frame, a durable mirrorless camera that accepts interchangeable lenses. Each of these cameras has a regular automatic motor.