ملياغر ١_a .. كتاب مائة أوائل من تراثنا ، الكاتب عبد الهادي حرصوني

Meleager

[ 140 - 60 BC ]

After the occupation of Syria by Alexander the Great, Greek communities began to appear in the region, and when Seleucus the First settled in Syria and became the absolute ruler there, he found in Syria a people who had been refined by civilizations and had successively since he found man. And some of the Medes, Persians and Elamites Alexander mixed peoples, and the Arab, Aramaic and Phoenician civilizations took from the Greek and Persian civilizations to blend together, forming a distinct historical period called the Hellenistic period or the Hellenistic civilization. The manifestations of that civilization or period were imbued with the Greek character in everything. The official language was Greek. As for the language of discourse, Aramaic and Phoenician remained. Greek spread rapidly in Syria, as is the custom of the people of the country, by learning other languages ​​quickly, easily, and easily. This period continued after the Roman conquest, and remained Greek, the language of writing, literature and science until the Islamic conquest of the country, did
The Latin language was only the language of law and the language used by military units and official establishments, and not permanently. Greek dyed the culture of the era and its influence extended even to the names of people and cities, whether ancient or modern cities, so the Greek names were widespread such as Alexander, Berenice, Zeno, Dionysus, and Ptolemy , and Philippos, and Plato, and others, or the names were transformed into a Greek formula, such as Melko or Malik, who turned into Malchus, and our example of that is Malchus, who finally changed his name to Porphyry, who is the famous philosopher. 6 Perytus for Beirut, Shayzar known as Larissa, Palmyra for Palmyra, and Hama for Epiphania, after the name of Antiochus IV.

Epifan, and so on. As for the new cities, they took Greek names, such as Apami, Alexandretta, Adia, and Nisibis (Nusaibis).

Education continued to spread all over the country, so schools with degrees spread in all regions, and large international universities appeared, perhaps the most important of which are the University of Antioch and Cappadocia, and then finally the Tire Academy appeared.

Beirut for Rights However, the description of the Greek rule of the region and the spread of the Greek does not mean that the invading Greeks had evacuated the original population, and settled instead of the Greek immigration to the region, showing how few they are in number and how little they spread in the country. Despite this, we were forced to consider civilization and science in that era to follow from them, with
It is Greek or produced by the Greeks (or) Romans. Another factor is added to that, which is the large number of people, especially writers and poets, moving to the rest of the Greek or Roman world, which lost their origin and lost their connection with their original homeland.

Therefore, there must also be intermarriage between the local Arab population with the Greek or Roman community, and the existence of a new element in which the element prevails for the local Arab, reconsidering the writing of the history of that period and restoring the right to fairness to our lost civilization, our lost heritage, and re-attributing it to the original.

During this period, a group of poets and philosophers who reached a great reputation grew up in the city of Jidrah, or Jidrah, or (Ghadrah), which is currently near (Umm Qais) on the banks of the Yarmouk River. Athens, Syria, located 5 miles southeast of Tiberias.

The historian Josephus described it as a great city, and the historian Eusebius described it as located east of the Jordan opposite Tiberias. It was occupied by Antiochus III, the ruler of Syria, in 218 BC. It was occupied by the Jews between the years 103-67 BC. Then, it was occupied by the Romans in 63 BC. Hence, it was considered one of the ten cities that are linked to each other by ties and treaties that distinguished it from other cities. These ten cities were called “the free Greek cities (Decapolis), but they lost their freedom when Emperor Augustus gave them an offering to King Herod, and around the year 335 AD they became