مرحلة لاحقة من تطور التصوير الحربي .. مجلة فن التصوير اللبنانية _ ع١٨

**Ali Abbass** · 03-01-2023, 02:24 AM

A later stage in the development of war photography

In the Crimean War in 1848, the photographic camera entered the battlefields for the first time, and since that date it has become an integral part of wars. to follow me. The History of Filming »We have seen its translation from German, especially since it has not been translated into any language yet, so that it may be accessible to our Quran as soon as possible.
The book is written by Rene Qabian and Hans Christian Adam, and it is located in 340 pages of large size and contains pictures that have not been published before now for many reasons, and the pictures are all in black and white without a doubt. It is divided into seven historical periods that begin between 1848 and 1870 and end between 1950 and 1983.

War photography in the nineteenth century was - unlike war painting -. War photographers showed the war machine as it really was, and so Charles Junod, of Hamburg, portrayed Prince Frederick of Prussia. In the year 1814 on the front, during the German-Danish war, around it were the cannons which the Prussian troops had captured from the Danes, the wagons full of persons, the wheeled carts piled on top of each other, the spare parts in the warehouses, and the arsenals of weapons.

The war materiel was also photographed during the revolutions that broke out in India on May 10, 1857, when the Sepoy regiments killed their British officers, and called for disobedience and revolution against the British colonialists. The rebel forces marched towards Delhi. During the rebellion, as the Indians were fighting their first war of independence against the British, the rebels seized the cities of Cawnpore and Lucknow and massacred the British civilians there.
James Robertson and Felix Beato

They also photographed during the Crimean War. They recorded with photographic documents, after the disciplinary campaign carried out by the British forces, the first breeze that brought down the British Empire, along with slogans about the greatness of the British Empire.
Pictures of Beto with a magnifying glass. It is not commercial in terms of accuracy, as it clearly shows the things of war: wooden planks, mats made of fibers, straw bales for barricades, ammunition stands, wires, ropes, ladders, and so on.

Two years later, Beitou filmed the victims of China's opening up to the West. At the end of the fifties, Beto accompanied the French-British forces in the Opium-War, which took place in China. He also photographed the aftermath of the war represented by the destroyed houses, in front of them the corpses that began to rot as a result of the scorching sun, and the castles destroyed by bomb shells.

The British soldiers set up their tents in the midst of these manifestations. At the outbreak of the second Afghan war, which began in 1878 and ended in 1880, British photographer John Burke applied for the position of military photographer for the British forces, and when he did not receive the answer of the British Army High Command, he joined the British forces without accreditation for this work. Returning from the battle front, after three years, photographer John Burke found in his house a letter addressed to him from the British Ministry of War, declaring its regret for rejecting his request, due to the expenses and the lack of an item for this position in the government budget....
During the Afghan war, Burke photographed panoramas and topographical views of the areas through which the armies passed. Burke photographed the strategic Khyber Pass, through which the British armies crossed.
Indian, as pics. After the aforementioned forces entered the capital of the country « Kabul . . The capital's dignitaries, senior officials and employees, as well as the city's beggars... The pictures of the senior army commanders and their soldiers, and the soldier was an ideal subject for photography, and he was prepared to stand in various positions, preparing, offering weapons, saluting, etc... These things became a part of his body just like bowing for servants...
In a society where people see the army as a school for the nation, Possart, the court representative, thought that the modern theater generation should do military service, because it benefits him a lot in the future during his life on stage.

Of course, there was nothing natural about the photographs. The soldier always stood in a ready position, and one could immediately see that the soldier was taking that position for the sake of the family album, for the history of the battalion or regiment, or for the sake of the picture that would be hung on the wall of the officers' club. It is completely different with the drawings where the helmets there are sliding. And the uniforms are dirty, and the faces are sullen: and there, too, the wounded are not romantics, but a stinking bundle of flesh and rags. urine. Sweat and disinfectant...

In front of the photography lenses, the leaders of all wars were standing in a special position. In the First World War, which took place between Germany and France in the first place, the German Emperor Wilhelm II, when visiting the front, used to take the position of the front commander. The forward, as if he was referring to his forces to advance towards the imaginary enemy, as well as Winston Churchill. The famous British Prime Minister was very concerned with his image and had participated in the Boise War, in South Africa as a war reporter. Churchill always wanted to appear in the pictures, like Paul Dogg, smoking a cigar, and he used to put a cigar in his jacket pocket, as he told photographer Alfred Isenstein, in case a photographer suddenly appeared in front of him.

The portraits of the princes, field marshals and generals that used to cover all the walls of the official and private buildings, were a decorative tool, this is what Heinrich Zille (rich Zille) wrote after the German-French war, which added that they were covered in turn with many bug spots.

Pictures of kings and generals of armies with chests laden with decorations hung everywhere, even in homes, where they looked kindly at the country children who had been shot and crippled. At a time when there was no trace of a single wound in the bodies of these leaders, and at the end of the past century, newspapers spent millions to be able to cover wars. Too bad that the news agency (8) left more than three hundred thousand dollars in the Russian-Japanese war. The Journal spent half a million dollars covering the Spanish-American war. During the conflict, magazines and newspapers hired fleets to send their journalists. And photographers to the places of world historical events. The World hired two ships, the Associated Press equipped five ships with darkrooms, the Herald had five ships in front of the battlefields, while newspaper czar Randolph Hearst had about ten ships. .

**Ali Abbass** · 03-01-2023, 02:26 AM

And the latest photographer in that era as a war photographer was James Ilare, who was running without interruption behind exciting events, across countries and continents, and there is no battlefield anywhere in the world that James Har, nicknamed ". Jimmy, his father was from Burgshire, and he used to make cameras from Mahogany wood with scraps of the best Russian leather, and he was one of the most brilliant Bedouin workers in London. In 1889 he immigrated to the United States and at first earned his living as an art consultant in a photographic laboratory. Anthony. . And then he had his own workshop, and about the end of the kiln. Photos for Illustrated American magazine.

And in 1898, after the US warship Maine (Male) exploded and its parts flew into the air. In Havana Ikoya, Jeei went to the editor-in-chief of Collier magazine and made the following proposal: - For five dollars a day, in addition to the travel expenses, he goes to Cuba for the magazine in order to provide it with photo reports on the Cuban crisis.. The owner of the publishing house is Robert Collier. () Colller commented on James Harr's appearance with the following words, "Maybe I flew into the air. James Harr flew to the editorship. Either way, it's about explosions and games. James Harr was the typical personality of the accomplished reporter. He is restless, and is only satisfied or pleased when he Things get heated.

In 1906, he photographed the removal of rubble after the earthquake that hit San Francisco, USA. In 1911, for the first time in the history of photography, he photographed a soccer match from the air, during the Mexican Revolution. He photographed both Mexican President Madero and General Pancho Villa, and in 1912 he participated in the Balkan war. . In the year 1914, he reported with Jack London about the landing of American forces at Vera Cruz, and before Jimmy died in 1946, he had witnessed and photographed more wars than any photographer of his time.

Likewise, the Mexican Revolution was full of enthusiastic historians between 1910 and 1917, when peasants and agricultural workers revolted against the owners of vast properties.
And they fought for (Tierra Y Libertad) Jal means land and freedom. In Mexico, legends arose, during the revolution, about the popular revolutionary Emiliano Zapata, who wore a huge hat that reached his shoulders and decorated his chest with the usual cartouche belt, and who was walking on his horse.
He passed through the smoke of gunpowder, along with the Indian fighters of the Aztec tribes.. And no photographer took sensual pictures like the Mexican Victor Casasola, who took war pictures that smelled of smells, smells of leather from horse saddles, on which swarms of flies sit and smell from them the smell of road dust Heat and bloody death.
Like Sergii Eisenstein in his films about the October Revolution and Oue Viva Mexico, Casazola is an expressionist. The peasant soldiers in his pictures are more than
Exhausted to death, their faces had turned into masks. They are losers, and this can be seen by simply looking at them, and the women of the revolutionaries (Soldaderas) are not only beautiful and sad, but they bear the evidence of widows. 1720 banknotes and wallpaper, but it was only in 1802 that Friedrich König, the rapid press, discovered
In 1802, Theodore Crompton created the paper path that was dried on steam-heated cylinders, which could be divided by clipping, and until the first illustration was published in the newspapers, it took nearly sixty years. And it was only possible through the invention of a method known as Autolypie ).

مرحلة لاحقة من تطور التصوير الحربي .. مجلة فن التصوير اللبنانية _ ع١٨

مرحلة لاحقة من تطور التصوير الحربي .. مجلة فن التصوير اللبنانية _ ع١٨

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