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How digital cameras work

How is a digital image formed?

There are different ways to understand the mechanism of creating a digital image, the most important of which is: Establishing an analogy between the work of a digital camera and the sense of vision in a person. The main elements are the same in both systems, namely the lens, the sense of image and processing. The lens and the retina are the image sensor, while the work of the brain corresponds to the role of the image processor.

the brain

Eye

High performance lens

First the lens:

The lenses used in digital cameras are of two types: Spherical lenses: they cause scattering of light rays coming from the scene from the edges of the lens, which causes a dimension to the formed image.

This is what prompted the manufacturing companies to develop the other type of aspherical lens: the companies reshaped the lens from its periphery, which enabled the rays to be focused directly on the sensitive surface, to obtain the best image results.

B

A

It is the second factor that makes the image in a digital camera, and a common mistake is that people think that it is the only factor that determines the quality of a digital camera. While it is in fact the compatibility of the three factors (lens - sensor processor). The sensor is of two types: CCD and CMOS, and the resolution of the sensor is measured in pixels in inches, for example (4 mega pixels, which is equivalent to four million pixels per unit area, which is an inch, and the number of pixels per inch increases). Precision . With the processor ter

Secondly, sensitive:

1

It translates the information coming from the sensor into a visual image that appears on the digital camera screen, and companies seek access to a processor that is fast in reading the information, and is able to save the largest amount of different information to give the best possible image,

Through a set of pre-set imaging programs stored in the processor's memory, which provides the best imaging options. In addition to the fact that the processor memory contains a large number of colors that may pass through the processor, which enables it to provide the best color choice within the captured shooting conditions.

Shooting key: The camera includes a key to choose between

Shooting modes, photo review and video shooting mode

Program key: Through it, the choice is made between different shooting modes (automatic / manual / pre-set shooting programs, and it may include display and video programs).

M

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Various preset photography programs: Automatic photography: The entire photography is controlled by the camera without user intervention.

Manual photography gives the user complete control over all settings without interference from the camera software.

Photography with people photography: It is a program whose settings suit people in two halves, or what is known as face photography

. (portrait)

Close photography is in line with shooting very close shots, showing fine details.

Landscape photography program: It is used to obtain the appropriate settings for photographing wide landscapes that form a wide, creative natural scene

Night photography program: It is a preset program that supports scenes whose lighting at night is what distinguishes them, so the settings are commensurate with the night shooting conditions.

EA