النصوص ، من كتاب آثار تدمر ، الكاتب روبرت وود

texts

The ancient texts discovered in Palmyra are written in either Greek or Palmyrene, except for one text written in Latin. Most of the Greek texts were published by the traveling merchants of Aleppo, but they did not escape from making some mistakes, although they did not stray far from the general meaning of the texts. And Dr. Haley put some notes on it and Mr. Siler commented on it, but his comment tended to try to prove some of his thoughts, which led to distortion of the original text.

Here we will make some notes on the texts and aim to correct them

Points describing these texts for anyone who envisages further lesson.

We will start with these dated texts and list them in their chronological order:

first text

(1) The one we entered found this text on the apse of the burial gate, which we found in good condition in the valley to Medina across it. The text is repeated in larger letters in a place above the door on the front of the vault. The letters E C correspond to the letters EQ E in this text and all Palmyra texts, and this is a rule followed by the ancients) who did not find it in this way, whether on money or on buildings before the reign of Domitsian, and we have been keen on accuracy in the decisions of history and it is clear in the two texts TIA and reads from right to right On the left, it refers to the year 314 of the Seleucid calendar (2), so it corresponds to the third year, and it conflicts with AD.

(1) See panel 2, number 41. (2) See text 9
We have reproduced this text as accurately as we can, its letters are bad in some places, but for whatever reason those spelling errors and multiple ways of writing even in a repeated word. It seems that the reason for this is the ignorance of the grammarians in Greek. And this is Longines complaining of the scarcity of knowing Greek in Palmyra.

The second text: (See panels 55, 56 and 57).

On the façade of the tomb that we have drawn a diagram, its levels and inscriptions, there is no difficulty in reading it, and it is grammatically sound and clear in meaning, so it differs from the previously copied text and does not need to disturb

The reader defends and comments on it.

Third text:

This text is on the body of the column indicated by the letter F in panel 43. It is difficult to understand

Literally translated and presented here:

"Senatus Populusque Aliamenem, Pani Filium Mocimi nepotem Aeranis pronepotem Mathae abnepotem & aeranis ejus virus pios patriae amicos & Omnimodo placentes patriae patriisque diis, honoris gratia (Vis posuer Pnt) anno 450 mense Aprili."

that it

The difficulty in understanding this text is

It is reported that Irans = Hiran is the father of Al-Yalaminis Ibn Panos.

Fourth text:

From the western cemetery, he offers a eulogy from the senate to a person and the text is incomplete. This section proves what "Grotz" went to. The last word mentions the name of the corresponding Macedonian month

for the month of february

Fifth text:

It was found in the courtyard of the Temple of the Sun on a statue stand (see plate 14), and these stands were used to place statues on it. Some of the words of this text are incomprehensible and will no doubt be thrown away by those who have had enough time to study. He mentions something about trade and residence in Palmyra, and the historian Strabo states that there were some influential people in this country who lacked morals and lived on robbery, which made it dangerous
Trade must move only within guarded convoys, as is the case these days. It is most likely that the man mentioned in this text was one of the leaders and commanders of such caravans, and that this statue was erected for him by the merchants who were trading with Vologesias, located on the Euphrates, and it was the capital of the Persians at that time, located 18 miles south of Babylon. This statue for what he made. Including his protection of the convoys at his own expense, and the great merchants testified to that. Text No. 13 mentions the same thing, so if we add what text No. 10 mentions, it becomes clear to us what this text wants. services from

Sixth text:

(See the second panel, the number (32) lined on the altar of the Jupiter front. We saw it near the spring, which the text calls the spring of Epha) and for which a person called Bolanus was elected as a supervisor. This department was important in Palmyra, where this The spring is the backbone of life and the source of bliss for its inhabitants. Siler was confused in reading this name, so he read it “Afaqa” instead of Afaqa, in order to support the opinion that this legendary spring is the spring that is located near the Temple of Venus, and it is between Baalbek and Byblos, to which the women of Mount Lebanon used to make vows and they were the ones who were famous for their beauty

And their prostitution.

The letters Bwpov in the third line have been assumed to be from the words of the second line and interpreted on this assumption. In other similar circumstances, some of the vocabulary of the texts were changed or there was a void in them

Mullah, but in all cases it has been wrong. We mention this matter to make it clear that any modification based on mere conjecture and imagination, whether in texts or manuscripts, must be read with a kind of caution.

The seventh text:

This text is the only one that was previously published, but we did not find any trace of it. It was originally copied from the base of a statue (see plate 14), and it is not a funerary text. Rather, it is mentioned that a statue was erected for Martha by her husband.
Sauraijos
Text Eight 1

On an altar we brought with us to England. There is a text in the Palmyra language on its second side, and the last two letters refer to the twenty-fourth day of the month.

The ninth text:

On one of the pillars of the long street where texts were written under the statues. There is a word missing a letter and it is definitely okuyou and not OLXE100 as Dr. Haley copied it and it is not in the word TOU18100 either as Siler copied it. And there is a word intentionally obliterated in both the Greek and Palmyrene versions (see text No. (6).

He cited this text in the history of Palmyra and what is learned from it. Dr. Haley explained it as follows: The name “The calendar adopted by the Palmyrene in these texts is the Seleucid calendar, which the Arabs later called Dhul-Qarnayn” and they continued until after the year 900 AD, as it appears from the observations Albatani, published under No. 204 in “The Exchange of Philosophy” (not the year of Alexander’s death. The matter becomes clear in this text, where we find that Alexander Severus is followed by the word Beoc, i.e. after the death of that emperor, i.e. in the year 234 of the birth of Christ. And through the existence of the title Julius Who was at the time of writing this text the general governor, then he is Julius Philippus the Arab whom the Palmyrene respect and consider him as a citizen of Palmyra, and therefore he dates back to the last year of Gordian’s reign (243.242 AD) and he is the emperor who was assassinated as a result of Philip’s betrayal of him, and he ascended the throne after him And people later learned about this betrayal, so it is not surprising that we find this name obliterated in this text, and the year 554 indicates the year (311.312) before Christ, and this coincides with the Seleucid calendar, which was adopted by many kingdoms in the East.
Marmora

palmyrene

I

Μνημειον αιωνιον γερας ωκοδομη γενια μοκειμου του και ακκαλεισου τουμαλιχου ειστε εαυτον και και εγγονου (του διμηνι σανδικο

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Π

Η ΒΟΥΛΗ ΚΑΙ Ο ΔΗΜΟΣ

Ιουλιον αυρηλιον ζηνοβιον tonkaizabaiandicmaa xoy toynaccoymoytpath γησαντ δεν επιδημια θεου αλεξανδρου υπηρετη σαντα σαντα διηνεκει ρουτιλλιου κρισπεινου του ηγησαμενου και ταις επιδη επιδη επιδη mhcacaicoyhiaaiciicina γορανομησαντα τεκλιουκολι τεκλιουκολι τεκλιουκολι τεκλιουκολι τεκλιουκολι τεκλιουκολι τεκλιουκολι

IX

Ηβουληκαιο δημος αλιαδα μεινα πανου του μονιμου λιρανου του μαθθακαι αιρανην τον πατερα ευσεβεις και φιλοπατριδας και παντιτροπω παντιτροπω παντιτροπω παντιτροπω παντιτροπω παντιτροπω παντιτροπω παντιτροπω παντιτροπω παντιτροπω παντιτροπω παντιτροπω παντιτροπω παντιτροπω υμηνος υμηνος ξανδικου ξανδικου ξανδικου ξανδικου ξανδικου ξανδικου υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος υμηνος

ΙΙΙ

-Δια αριβολου αριβολου κλουποιου του εξοχοτα του επαρχου του ιερου πραιτω ριου της της πατριδος φιλο πατριντει μη χαρινετους ανο ανο ανο ανο ανο ανο ανο ανο ανο ανο ανο ανο ανο χαρινετους χαρινετους χαρινετους χαρινετους

IV

Η ΒΟΥΛΗ

AO AAEINAIPANOY TOY CABATOY ΝΟΥΤΟΥΒΩΝΝΕΟΥΣ ΕΠΑΝΓΕΙ

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ΙΘΥΣΙΑΝ ΚΑΙ ΑΙ ΘΕ ΑΤΑ

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ΙΟΥΛΙΟΝ ΑΥΡΗΛΙΟΝ ΖΕΒΕΙΔΑΝ ΔΟΚΙΜΟΥ ΤΟΥ ΖΕΒΕΙΔΟΥ

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X

NECHAAATOYNEC

Nεση αλατουνεση του αλατουρεφελου αλατουρεφελου αλατουρεφελου αλατουρεφελου φοραθουκε φοραθουκε ολα τεν τενHC και ευχαριστειας ευχαριστειας eneken etoycfnymhnocfand

V

TATON CYNKAHTIKON

XI

ΑΥΡΗΛΙ

ΟΔΩΡΟΥ

NWN

PHAI CTPATIW

ΤΗΣ ΛΕΓ

KHOTON

Διυψιστω μεγιστο και επηκοωβολανο ζενοβιου αιρανου του μονιμου του μαθθα επιμελητης αιρεθει πηγη πηγη (υπο αριβολου θεου τον βο εξιδιωνανεθηκε νετου υπερβερεταιουκ υπερβερεταιουκ υπερβερεταιουκ

ΠΑΤΡΩΝ ΕΙΔΗ ΚΑΙ ΕΥΧΑ PICTIACXAPINETOYcrip

VI

ΟΥΛΙΟΝ

CEAEY

KON ΔΥ

ΣΕΕΙΛΑ

CTPAT

mapty

ΜΑΡΘΕΙΝΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ ΤΟΥ

ΚΑΠΑΔΗ ΤΟΥ ΟΥΑΒΑΛΛΑΘΟΥ TOY CYMUNOY COPAIXOCAIPANCY ANHPAY TH CMNHMHCENEKEN MHNEIAYLTPWTOYSYETOYC

VII

XII

PHON

AMEN

PATICTH

BOYAHA

MYPIAC

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ΤΣΟΥΠΕΡΒΕΡΕΤΑΙ Ω

ΔΙΥΥΙΣΤΩ ΚΑΙ TTHKOWI1OYAYP. NTITTATPOCOKAI AMEITOYZHNOBI OYTOYAKOTTAOY EYZAMENOCANE BHKENETOYCAMO

VIII

AYAYNAIOYKA

Η ΒΟΥΛ

ΟΥΛΙΟΝ

ΑΥΡΗΛΙΟ

ΑΘΟΝ

ΜΑΛΗ

ΡΧΕΜΠΟΡΟΝ CYNOAIAN

Anakomic

ΠΡΟΙΚΑ ΕΞΙΔΙΩΝ ΤΕΙΜ ΗΕΧΑΡΙΝ

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