الاقمار الصناعية .. الإلكترونيات

Satellites .. Electronics

Satellites

Satellites collect information from places far from the Earth and send reports about it to ground stations by radio.

Some of these satellites use an Orticon imager to photograph clouds (247). Pictures can also be taken during the day and stored on special tapes located on the satellite itself. When the satellite is close to its ground receiving stations, it sends them to be decoded and printed.

The satellite can also measure the temperature of the electron, galactic noise, ground noise, oxygen density and some other factors. Figure (248) shows how the wings that include solar cells can produce the current needed to operate the internal equipment in the satellite, and to charge the accumulators and batteries in it. Ring or extended antennas are also used to send and receive signals to the Earth. It is worth noting that the channels on which satellites operate to transmit radio signals are located within the high frequency band, and that the cells sensitive to sunlight receive light according to their direction relative to these rays and thus are useful in transmitting information about the satellite's rotation or degree of inclination.

A relay satellite can be placed thousands of miles above the Earth's surface in a fixed orbit and its solar cells generate the energy needed to operate the devices and provide satellites with antennas and equipment to receive signals and retransmit them at the same or different frequency (249). As for receiving signals on the ground, it is done by a large antenna in the form of a parabolic piece that reflects these signals and focuses them at a focal pickup point. It is known that the effectiveness of such antennas is thousands of times greater than the effectiveness of ordinary antennas and that they are specially designed for matters that require a high degree of sensitivity.

247 - Satellites used in weather monitoring.
248 Satellites designated for space.
249 - Transmission of radio waves by satellites.