تويت
معدات الإضاءة .. مصدر الضوء .. كيفية التقاط وتطوير الصور الملونة
LIGHTING EQUIPMENT
Always make the photographic lighting that you use do what you want , rather than accept the limitations of its design . For example , just because a flash unit comes with a small bowl reflector does not mean that it should be used always like that . Instead , think of the light as a raw material - a basic supply of illumination that must be modified to produce the required results . There are three basic things that you can do with a lighting unit : reflect it , diffuse it , or concentrate it .
REFLECTION
The basic principle for softening shadows and making the illumination more even is to make the light source broader . One of the simplest ways of doing this is to bounce the light off a large , plain white surface . What happens is that , instead of the subject being lit by the direct beam of the flash , it receives its illumination from the reflector . This is the principle behind tilting a portable flash head upwards to the ceiling , but there are many other possibilities . White cards , paper or cloth hung up in appropriate positions can reflectors , as are photographic umbrellas . The umbrellas are available in different materials : silver gives a more intense and concentrated light , while gold , for example , adds warmth .
BELOW One of the simplest ways to broaden the light source is to bounce it off a large , plain white surface . In this case , studio umbrellas are being used , although everyday objects such as white cards , cloth or even newspapers can suit the purpose .
DIFFUSION
Reflectors , although inexpensive and easy to assemble , have two disadvantages : they cannot always be suspended or positioned in exactly the right place , and they absorb a lot of light . An alternative is to shine the light through a diffuser . This can be any translucent material , such as tracing paper , thin white cloth , milky plastic , or anything similar . The most basic way of doing this is to put the light on a stand , and hang the diffusing sheet in front of it . For more control in positioning , however , the diffuser should be attached to the light . Mains- powered flash units have a fitting that allows this , but with a portable flash you may need some ingenuity .
CONCENTRATION
Although a naked lamp produces hard shadows , it is not a controlled beam . For certain kinds of shot a spotlight effect is useful , and for this the beam needs to be constricted . Lens attachments do this very well , but a cheaper alternative is to make a cylinder of black card and attach this to the front of the light . If it tapers slightly , so much the better .
Held by tension against the floor and ceiling , expanding poles ( below left ) are an economical use of space , although awkward to move once set up . A counter - weighted boom ( below ) . enables a flash head or photoflood to be easily suspended over objects .
ABOVE Slave and master slave units that convert any ES tungsten lights to slave flash .
For most purposes , lights can be mounted on simple tripod stands ( right ) . These are available in different heights and sizes .
ABOVE A common method of supporting background rolls , using a crossbar between expanding poles .
LIGHTING EQUIPMENT
Always make the photographic lighting that you use do what you want , rather than accept the limitations of its design . For example , just because a flash unit comes with a small bowl reflector does not mean that it should be used always like that . Instead , think of the light as a raw material - a basic supply of illumination that must be modified to produce the required results . There are three basic things that you can do with a lighting unit : reflect it , diffuse it , or concentrate it .
REFLECTION
The basic principle for softening shadows and making the illumination more even is to make the light source broader . One of the simplest ways of doing this is to bounce the light off a large , plain white surface . What happens is that , instead of the subject being lit by the direct beam of the flash , it receives its illumination from the reflector . This is the principle behind tilting a portable flash head upwards to the ceiling , but there are many other possibilities . White cards , paper or cloth hung up in appropriate positions can reflectors , as are photographic umbrellas . The umbrellas are available in different materials : silver gives a more intense and concentrated light , while gold , for example , adds warmth .
BELOW One of the simplest ways to broaden the light source is to bounce it off a large , plain white surface . In this case , studio umbrellas are being used , although everyday objects such as white cards , cloth or even newspapers can suit the purpose .
DIFFUSION
Reflectors , although inexpensive and easy to assemble , have two disadvantages : they cannot always be suspended or positioned in exactly the right place , and they absorb a lot of light . An alternative is to shine the light through a diffuser . This can be any translucent material , such as tracing paper , thin white cloth , milky plastic , or anything similar . The most basic way of doing this is to put the light on a stand , and hang the diffusing sheet in front of it . For more control in positioning , however , the diffuser should be attached to the light . Mains- powered flash units have a fitting that allows this , but with a portable flash you may need some ingenuity .
CONCENTRATION
Although a naked lamp produces hard shadows , it is not a controlled beam . For certain kinds of shot a spotlight effect is useful , and for this the beam needs to be constricted . Lens attachments do this very well , but a cheaper alternative is to make a cylinder of black card and attach this to the front of the light . If it tapers slightly , so much the better .
Held by tension against the floor and ceiling , expanding poles ( below left ) are an economical use of space , although awkward to move once set up . A counter - weighted boom ( below ) . enables a flash head or photoflood to be easily suspended over objects .
ABOVE Slave and master slave units that convert any ES tungsten lights to slave flash .
For most purposes , lights can be mounted on simple tripod stands ( right ) . These are available in different heights and sizes .
ABOVE A common method of supporting background rolls , using a crossbar between expanding poles .
تعليق