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معالجة المطبوعات الملونة .. معالجة الألوان والطباعة .. المرشد خطوة بخطوة للتصوير الفوتوغرافي
Processing color prints
Color processing chemicals are designed to be used at high temperatures , with little margin for error . Throughout processing you must control the times , temperatures , and agitation of the chemicals to get con- sistent results . You should also take great care to avoid contaminating the chemicals . You will find it easiest to work with a de- veloping drum , rather than with trays . If possible use a drum that rotates in its own water bath , like the one shown below .
Preparing the chemicals
Processing color paper , from drum loading to dry print , takes about 12 minutes . Before you start , make sure you have the right chemical kit for the paper you are using . Then mix the chemicals according to the kit instructions , and keep them in separate labelled bottles . Take the three smaller bottles that clip inside the warm water bath , and pour enough of the appropriate solution into each one for the number of prints you want to process . Put sufficient solution for one print only into each of the three cup dis- pensers . Fill the bath up to the level of the solutions in the dispensers with warm water at about 92 ° F ( 33˚C ) .
Drum loading and processing
Once you have everything ready , you can load the exposed paper into the drum , work- ing in the dark . You can then do the pro- cessing in normal room lighting . Most drums take only one print at a time , but some will accept several small prints .
During processing , you pour small quan- tities of each solution in and out of the drum in turn . Always leave the last 15 seconds of each stage for draining the drum , to minimize contamination . All the developers , and some makes of the other chemicals , should be discarded after use .
The temperature of the first solution- the color developer - is the most critical . Some tanks require a prewash of warmer water before adding this solution , to warm up the tank and the paper . Once you have poured them into the drum , the solutions must be agitated continuously . You may have to roll or rotate the tank by hand , or it may have a motor .
The sequence described below is typical for a three - bath process of developer , bleach - fixer , and stabilizer . But since the stages and times are constantly being reduced , you should refer to your kit instructions .
Color print processing
1. Put on the rubber gloves and pour the solutions out of their storage bottles into the three dispensers . Check the temper- ature of the water bath and add warm or cold water until the solutions in the dispensers are stable within the recommended temperature range .
2. Remove the drum from the water bath , take off the end cap and make sure that the inside is dry . Take off your gloves and switch off the lights . Expose the print and then , curving it emul- sion inward , insert it into the drum . Replace the lid and switch on normal room lights .
3. The same procedure is fol- lowed for the three solutions- developer , bleach - fixer , and stabilizer . Set the timer . Return the drum to its water bath fitting . Put on the rubber gloves and check the thermometer reading of the appropriate solution in the dispenser . If necessary , add hot
or cold water to the water bath until the temperature of the solu- tion is exactly right . Now revolve the drum steadily and pour the solution from its dispenser into the feed end funnel of the drum . Start the timer and continue revolving the drum to agitate the solution .
4. About 15 seconds before the end of each stage unclip the drum and begin to pour out the solution from its drain end . Let the drum drain for the full 15 seconds before returning it to the water bath ready for the next solution . Bleach / fixer and stab- ilizer can be used 2 or 3 times , so they can be poured back into their dispensers after use .
5. Remove the drum lid , take off the rubber gloves and pull out the print . The final washing stages are best carried out in a tray , while you wash and dry the developing drum ready for the next print .
6. If you have a continuous supply of warm water , wash the print in a resin - coated print washer ( see p . 77 ) . Otherwise put the print in a tray of warm water and change the water every half minute during the recommended washing time . Finally , drain the tray , pour stabilizer over the print and leave it to soak for the re- commended time .
7. Wipe or blot off any surface moisture on the print with photo- graphic blotting paper and dry the print in an air - drying rack . such as shown above . If you want to dry the print very quickly . hold it in front of a fan heater or pass it through a drying . machine for resin - coated paper .
Processing color prints
Color processing chemicals are designed to be used at high temperatures , with little margin for error . Throughout processing you must control the times , temperatures , and agitation of the chemicals to get con- sistent results . You should also take great care to avoid contaminating the chemicals . You will find it easiest to work with a de- veloping drum , rather than with trays . If possible use a drum that rotates in its own water bath , like the one shown below .
Preparing the chemicals
Processing color paper , from drum loading to dry print , takes about 12 minutes . Before you start , make sure you have the right chemical kit for the paper you are using . Then mix the chemicals according to the kit instructions , and keep them in separate labelled bottles . Take the three smaller bottles that clip inside the warm water bath , and pour enough of the appropriate solution into each one for the number of prints you want to process . Put sufficient solution for one print only into each of the three cup dis- pensers . Fill the bath up to the level of the solutions in the dispensers with warm water at about 92 ° F ( 33˚C ) .
Drum loading and processing
Once you have everything ready , you can load the exposed paper into the drum , work- ing in the dark . You can then do the pro- cessing in normal room lighting . Most drums take only one print at a time , but some will accept several small prints .
During processing , you pour small quan- tities of each solution in and out of the drum in turn . Always leave the last 15 seconds of each stage for draining the drum , to minimize contamination . All the developers , and some makes of the other chemicals , should be discarded after use .
The temperature of the first solution- the color developer - is the most critical . Some tanks require a prewash of warmer water before adding this solution , to warm up the tank and the paper . Once you have poured them into the drum , the solutions must be agitated continuously . You may have to roll or rotate the tank by hand , or it may have a motor .
The sequence described below is typical for a three - bath process of developer , bleach - fixer , and stabilizer . But since the stages and times are constantly being reduced , you should refer to your kit instructions .
Color print processing
1. Put on the rubber gloves and pour the solutions out of their storage bottles into the three dispensers . Check the temper- ature of the water bath and add warm or cold water until the solutions in the dispensers are stable within the recommended temperature range .
2. Remove the drum from the water bath , take off the end cap and make sure that the inside is dry . Take off your gloves and switch off the lights . Expose the print and then , curving it emul- sion inward , insert it into the drum . Replace the lid and switch on normal room lights .
3. The same procedure is fol- lowed for the three solutions- developer , bleach - fixer , and stabilizer . Set the timer . Return the drum to its water bath fitting . Put on the rubber gloves and check the thermometer reading of the appropriate solution in the dispenser . If necessary , add hot
or cold water to the water bath until the temperature of the solu- tion is exactly right . Now revolve the drum steadily and pour the solution from its dispenser into the feed end funnel of the drum . Start the timer and continue revolving the drum to agitate the solution .
4. About 15 seconds before the end of each stage unclip the drum and begin to pour out the solution from its drain end . Let the drum drain for the full 15 seconds before returning it to the water bath ready for the next solution . Bleach / fixer and stab- ilizer can be used 2 or 3 times , so they can be poured back into their dispensers after use .
5. Remove the drum lid , take off the rubber gloves and pull out the print . The final washing stages are best carried out in a tray , while you wash and dry the developing drum ready for the next print .
6. If you have a continuous supply of warm water , wash the print in a resin - coated print washer ( see p . 77 ) . Otherwise put the print in a tray of warm water and change the water every half minute during the recommended washing time . Finally , drain the tray , pour stabilizer over the print and leave it to soak for the re- commended time .
7. Wipe or blot off any surface moisture on the print with photo- graphic blotting paper and dry the print in an air - drying rack . such as shown above . If you want to dry the print very quickly . hold it in front of a fan heater or pass it through a drying . machine for resin - coated paper .
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