تأثيرات خاصة في التكبير .. كيف تعالج الصور .. كتاب التصوير الضوئي

Special effects in magnification .. How to process images .. Book of photography

Special effects in magnification

- Controlled magnification:
Magnification is not only a way to obtain large images, but also a way to closely monitor the quality of the final images. There is a place between the lens and the base of the magnifier to intercept the exposed light beam: you can then either increase the exposure on some parts of the image or reduce it in other areas, which is what we call makeup. Most of the time, you should slowly change the position of the hand or eyebrow during makeup so that clear traces do not form in the borders of the makeup areas (see page 191).

- Composite clouds:
Printing two different negatives on a single sensitive paper is a way to complete the composition well: for example, by adding a cloudy sky to a landscape. A dark yellow or orange filter should be placed under the lens: by viewing the images displayed in succession and in line without being printed on the sensitive paper allows. When the two images are arranged in a good and harmonious way, create an enlarged experience of the landscape alone in the final size. After processing you will use this image as a guide to estimate the correct position of the intersection of the two images on a virgin sheet of paper. Display the landscape image but do not show the image. Replace the negative landscape image with a negative of clouds: thanks to the test image you can carefully center the image of the sky and show the border between the horizon and the sky.

A piece of cardboard for hiding represents the horizon. Replace the negative of the landscape with the negative of the clouds and project the image onto the test image you have shown. Pull out this image and make a test of the clouds. When you have a satisfactory image, return the sensitive paper (on which the landscape image was printed in the latent state) and project the image of the clouds. Obviously, you should protect parts of the landscape with the hiding piece you have prepared beforehand. If the boundaries between the sky and the landscape itself are complex, you can use the first image showing the landscape as a hiding place after cutting off the section of sky with scissors. Of course, care must be taken not to move the images during the entire operation.

- Composite images:
Example of a double print from a single negative. The tree in the middle of the railway is in its original position on the negative image but has been enlarged to distort perspective. I first projected the first image containing the railway and its surroundings onto the paper by hiding the part designated for the image of the tree. Then I made a second exposure of the enlarged tree image but I exposed it through a visor I made of cardboard with a hole in it.

- Partial lightening of the image:
This method allows some parts of the image to be opened up using Farmer's thinner (see page 241) which is applied to a completely fixed and washed image. Before using the thinner, some experiments are carried out on an old image or on a side for testing. Farmer's solution is used in the selected areas under running water to prevent the formation of some gaps or spots. After the process is finished, the fixation and washing must be done again.

- Contrast by makeup (right of the page): In fact, technical interventions in the laboratory have no meaning except for a general concept of the image that begins when the scene is taken.

For this image I used the lighting technique to create the difference between the two people. There is a spotlight
equipped with a bathtub that illuminates the girl's face while another light illuminates the general atmosphere. During printing, the girl's face is reserved for lighting while I add 50% of the normal exposure time needed for the rest of the image to give the gray color to the man and the background a normal appearance of the image.