أكاديميا - كولنز - معاجم الجيب العلمية - الكمبيوتر - انكليزي - فرنسي - عربي الحرف ٣_s

Academia - Collins - Pocket Scientific Dictionaries - Computer - English - French - Arabic Letter 3_ S

signal
signal m

Signal. A method of using electricity to transmit data along a cable or through an electronic system. The change may occur in the flow of current or in the voltage used. The change can have any value in the analog signal, but in the digital signal there are only two values ​​(interpreted as 0 or 1).
For example: in the common receiver for serial transmission RS 232C, 0 is less than -6 qlt and 1 is greater than 6 qlt.

sign bit
bit m de signe

Sign bit. In words with 8 bits, seven bits are usually used to represent the number and the eighth bit is used to represent the signal: 0 for positive and 1 for negative. In two's complement encoding, only the first digit is negative and it indicates the signal.
For example:

65 + equals 01000001

101 - equals 10011011

In floating-point arithmetic, a second eight-bit word is assigned to each number in place of the "binary" point.

silicon
silicium m

Silicon is a cheap and widely available semiconductor that has replaced germanium in most solid state electronic devices. Although silicon is the second most abundant element on Earth (after oxygen), it does not occur naturally. Sand and quartz are the two natural forms of silica (silicon dioxide) from which silicon is extracted.

silicon disk
disque m de silicium

Silicon disk. Also known as a RAM disk, it is an additional random access memory card that, when inserted into a computer, acts as a fast disk drive.

A utility program is used to establish communications with the CPU and to change the size of the RAM. Using a silicon disk increases the speed of loading, saving and running applications by at least five times. A silicon disk is a basic requirement for some programs, especially those that consume memory very quickly.

simplex operation
operation f simplex

Unidirectional operation. In contrast to duplex operation, this method of transmission allows data to travel in only one direction. A terminal connected to a computer by such a channel can send or receive, but not both. Duplex operation allows transmission in both directions simultaneously, while half-duplex allows transmission in both directions but not at the same time.

For example, unidirectional transmission can be from the keyboard of a terminal to the computer or from the computer to the visual display unit of the terminal.

simulation
simulation f

Simulation. The representation or modeling of a situation or condition by a computer system to ensure that the user's decisions and actions produce the same effects and results as if the actual execution were real. This method of using a computer helps in training, especially when mistakes in a real situation would be very expensive or dangerous.

An example of this is learning to fly a helicopter.

Small-scale integration (SSI)
Small-scale integration

Narrow-scale integration. See large-scale integration .

smartcard
carte f intelligente

A smart card. A new form of plastic about the size of a credit card. This type has a silicon chip embedded in one corner that stores up to 64 kilobytes of data and instructions. The chip can connect to and store bank accounts, debit transactions and personal details. A machine can read and record the data on the chip. The chip can also indicate and store any misuse, which will cause the card to stop working. The smart card has been widely tested in France and the United States and is expected to be widely used worldwide in the 1990s.

The smart card contrasts with the lasercard, which has a silver surface on which data is burned as a series of depressions.