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Academia - Collins - Pocket Scientific Dictionaries - Computer - English - French - Arabic Letter 1_M

M
M
mega symbol -

machine code
code m machine

Machine code. It is the coding that enables the computer to perform its various tasks. The computer manufacturer specifies the types of instructions and the way in which they should be written. Machine code programming is often done in binary notation and is used when fast operations are needed.

For example: Instruction 634 may require subtracting (code 2) the contents of location 102 from the contents of location 101 and placing the result in location 103. This may be coded as follows:
634 2 101 102 103

It must be clarified that programming with machine code is slow and tedious and the programmer has to track what is in each location and specify these locations in each instruction. To make things easier, manufacturers provide an interpreter language, or assembler, that uses words and letters to represent operations and addresses.

SUB A,B,C
It means subtract the value of B from the value of A and let C represent the value of the answer. The interpreter translates each instruction into a single machine code instruction. For easier programming, a high-level language such as BASIC is used, and the instruction becomes:

LET C = A-B

Then the compiler or interpreter can translate such an instruction into machine code, although each high-level language instruction requires several machine code instructions.

magnetic ink
encre m magnétique

Magnetic ink. This ink is used when printing characters in formats that can be read or sorted automatically by machines, or people as well. Characters here are characterized by being drawn in thick and thin lines:

12345
67890

For example, the numbers printed at the bottom of each bank check are printed in magnetic ink. When a filled check is received, the bank employees print its value on the check itself with magnetic ink, and using a magnetic ink character reader connected to the computer, all calculations and discounts are made automatically. Magnetic ink is used in applications that require high security and difficult-to-remove printing.

magnetic memory
magnetic memory

Magnetic memory. Just as a bar of iron can be magnetized to have a north pole at one end and a south pole at the other (or vice versa), other magnetic materials can be magnetized in both directions. This is used to represent 0 or 1, making the material capable of storing characters in binary notation.

A magnetic core store consists of tiny iron whorls about half a millimeter in diameter, connected in groups of 1024 (32 × 32), giving 1K of memory.

A tape or magnetic card using multiple tracks can hold over 1000 characters per inch and transmit content several inches per second to a computer. Magnetic disks can be either rigid (hard) or flexible (flexible), and store characters on concentric tracks. Hard disks may be arranged in groups - for example, of six - and may be removable from a disk unit or may be a single disk in the case of a Winchester disk drive. While soft disks hold a few hundred kilobytes, hard disks hold several megabytes.

magnetic strip
bande fmagnétique

Magnetic tape. A small strip of magnetic material attached to the back of a plastic card, store card, or intercity train ticket. Data can be magnetically encoded on the tape as a series of binary numbers. Storage on this tape is limited to about 64 characters, meaning that only basic details such as sort codes and account numbers on bank cards or product numbers on store cards can be encoded.

mainframe
ordinateur m central

Mainframe. This term is used to describe the central processing unit (CPU) in a large computer with many terminals. These words originally referred to the structure that holds the central processing unit and the arithmetic logic unit (ALU).

main store
mémoire f principale

Primary storage. The computer's immediately accessible memory. The core store and solid state memory are used for the main store, while magnetic tape and disk are used for the backing store. The main store is also called the immediate access store.