العمق والمنظور .. التكوين .. العناصر الأساسية للصورة .. كتاب التصوير الضوئي

Depth and perspective .. Composition .. Basic elements of the image .. Book of photography

Depth and perspective

The depth of the image is given by the spatial relations between the first surface and the back surface and also by reducing the dimensions of objects according to their distance from the photographic device. This feeling is also strengthened by perspective, and by using a first surface to introduce the eye to the image. The characteristics of a landscape at a medium or long distance emphasize depth and the same is true for the intersecting lines produced by the effect of geometric perspective that determines the decrease in the height of objects according to distance, while parallel lines and surfaces intersect towards an escape point located on the horizon. The size of the space between the observer and the horizon gives the aerial perspective in which objects lose their contrast and color the further away they are.

Many images translate this feeling of depth. You may use it whether the subject is short, medium, or very far away. For example, in a photo of a building located at a medium distance, it is often useful to place this building between the first surface and the back surface. A large depth of field imposes itself in such a case.

The choice of lens used can emphasize or exaggerate the geometric and aerial perspectives. The distance from which the subject is photographed modifies its height in the image, and this also depends on the focal length of the lens. If we replace a wide-angle lens with a telephoto lens, there is a change in the distance between the main subject and the camera. In this way, even a distant subject can become the center of attention of the image. The geometric perspective is increased by a wide-angle lens, while it is decreased by a long-focal lens. Although the color tones give the perception of distance, the feeling of depth often occurs when adjusting. If you adjust the camera on the first surface with a large aperture, you will have a small depth of field. If you keep the same frame and adjust it on a surface located at a medium or long distance, you will get a greater depth. Depth and size are the two elements that effectively bring the three-dimensional effect to the image. However, depth of field can bring imbalance if it is limited to a very narrow area of ​​the area viewed by the lens.

Depth and Perspective

Staying in the middle of the road and using a wide angle lens, I showed the perspective. This leads the eye to the main subject, the house. The photo was taken in diffused light to minimize the colors and shadows.
Nikon wide angle lens 1/30 sec f/16 Octachrom EX.

Choosing the distance setting

To show the perspective and to coordinate the depth in the wall mass, I set the focus on the section of the wall in the middle of the photo. The wide aperture of the pupil gives a weak depth of field, which increases the feeling of depth.
Leicaflex 1/500 sec f/2.8 Octachrom EX 1

Classic composition

Classic composition. The converging lines lead the eye to the main focus, the spot of light reflected by the sea. The eye then continues to analyze the horizon and the sky. The sun was almost completely obscured by clouds, which resulted in a continuous gradation of values ​​that increase the depth. I calculated the exposure time based on high light
Leicaflex 1/125 sec 8 Aperture Octachrom EX .