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significant
significatif

Significant. Significant. 1 - In statistics, it is the difference or deviation between two observations, and a proposed theory is called significant if it is unlikely to be the result of chance fluctuations.

2 - The significance of a digit in a number means its relative size
and importance in the number, and depends on the value of the digit's place. For example: in the number 39.08, 3 is the most significant digit while 8 is the least significant.

Measurements are often rounded off according to a predetermined number of significant figures. For example: 27.058 can be rounded to:
30 one significant figure.
27 two significant figures.
27.1 three significant figures, etc.

similar
semblable

شقیه . Objects, flat or solid figures, are similar if they have the same shape.

When a figure is enlarged, the figure and its image are similar.

The corresponding angles contained in similar figures are equal, and the ratio of the lengths of the corresponding sides in the two similar figures is constant.

∠ BAC=∠ OPR, ACB = ∠ PRO. ABC = POR
AB : PO=BC: OR = CA: RP

simple closed curve
courbe f simple fermée

Simple closed curve. A curve that can be drawn with a single stroke of the pen and whose end is connected to its beginning in a way that the curve does not intersect with itself at any point.

simple harmonic motion (SHM) simple harmonic motion

Simple harmonic motion. The motion of a body vibrating about a fixed point, and its acceleration is directed towards the fixed point and proportional to its distance from it.
The time of a complete oscillation is called the period of the motion. The maximum distance from the center is called amplitude.

When Q moves around the circle, P moves along AB in simple harmonic motion around O.

Motions of this type can be modeled by projecting onto the diameter of a particle moving at constant angular velocity » around a circle.

Acceleration = -2x
Distance from center (x= a cos (to
Period = / 2π

simplify
simplifier

Simplify. It is the reduction of an expression using algebraic techniques. For example: 6/9, 2/3 or 3x+2x+4x=9x