أكاديميا - كولنز - معاجم الجيب العلمية - الكيمياء - انكليزي - فرنسي - عربي الحرف ٣_ m

Academia - Collins - Pocket Scientific Dictionaries - Chemistry - English - French - Arabic Letter 3_ M


miscible liquids
liquids and miscibles

Mixed liquids. Liquids that can mix together completely, and can dissolve in each other, such as water and ethanol. Separating these liquids requires fractional distillation.
See immiscible.


mixture
Melange m

Mixture . Mixture: When two or more substances are present in one container, the total is called a mixture, such as baking powder, air, gunpowder, petrol, and methylated spirits.

Properties of mixtures:

- It can be in any chosen proportions.
- Making mixtures does not absorb or release heat.
The properties of a mixture are the properties of all its components.
The components of the mixture can be separated by physical means.

ml

Ml. Abbreviation for milliliters.

mmHg

mmHg. This symbol represents unit millimeters of mercury, which is the unit of pressure. The pressure of one atmosphere is 760 mm Hg. This is the air pressure that raises a column of mercury by 760 mm.


molarity(M)
molarity f

Molarity (molecular - volumetric concentration). The molarity of a solution is its concentration, expressed in moles per cubic decimeter of solution (mol/dm3). A solution containing 2 moles in 1 dm3 is expressed as 2 moles (2M). See molar solution.


molar solution
Solution f molaire

Molar solution (molecular - volumetric). It is the solution in which the concentration of the solute is one mole per decimeter of the solution 1 mol/dm3 mol/dm3, that is, the solution that is prepared by dissolving one mole of the solute in the solvent and then adding enough of this last substance to make the volume of the solution 1000 cm3.


mol/dm³



mol/dm3. unit concentration.
1 mole dm3 means that there is one mole of a substance in one cubic decimeter (dm3) of solution. This unit is sometimes written in the form mol 3-dm, and is often given with a symbol, such as 2M, see molarity.

mole
mole f

Mole is the amount of matter (element or compound) that contains L particles (L constant, Avogadro constant).

It is defined as the number of atoms present in 12 grams of the carbon-12 isotope. It follows that the mass of one mole of an element or compound is the relative atomic mass (expressed in grams).

Examples.

Oxygen (02) equals 32 = 16 + 16 g

Water (H2O) equals 2(1) + 18 = 16 g

Ammonia (NH3) equals 3 + 14 (1) = 17 g

The ene (C2H4) is equal to 2 (12) + 4 (1) = 28 g


molecular formula
formula and moléculaire

Molecular formula. The molecular formula of a substance shows the number and types of atoms in the molecule, but it says nothing about how the atoms are arranged. For example: CaHoO is the molecular formula of butanol and ether (ethoxyethane).
Look . structural formula and empirical formula

monatomic molecule
Molécule f monatomique

Monatomic molecule A molecule containing one atom. Only noble gases are monatomic. Due to their electronic configurations, it is difficult for inert gas atoms to form bonds, which is why they exist in the monatomic form.


molecule
molécule f

molecule. A molecule is defined as the smallest particle that exists independently of an element or compound.
The molecule contains atoms bonded together by a fixed integer ratio:

Oxygen 02
Nitrogen N2
Neon Ne
Sulfur Sa
Hydrogen H2
Phosphorous Pa
Carbon dioxide CO2
Water H2O
Hydrogen chloride HCI
All organic compounds are molecules.


monobasic acid
acid m monobasic

Monobasic acid. A monobasic acid contains one hydrogen atom in the molecule to which a metal can be substituted. Only normal salts are formed from it, not acid salts.

Examples include:
Hydrochloric acid HCI
Nitric acid HNO3
Ethanolic acid. Ethanolic acid


monomer
monomer m

Uninomial. The compound from which polymers are made, for example, ethene forms poly(ethene) CH2 = CH2 ethene.
(CH2-CH2)n


monosaccharide
monosaccharide f

Monosaccharide. The simplest type of sugar. These compounds contain a single molecule, as opposed to two (or more) molecules reacting together to form a disaccharide or polysaccharide.

Glucose C6H12O6

Fructose C6H12O6

Ribose C5H1006

multiple bond
liaison f multiple

Multiple association. Bonds that contain two electrons as a common pair are called single bonds. As for those that contain four or six electrons, that is, two or three shared pairs, they are multiple bonds. Double bonds contain four electrons, and triple bonds contain six electrons.

Examples of compounds containing multiple bonds:

C2H4 ethene - double bond.

C2H2 ethyne tripli bond.