کیمیاء الفحم الحجري وكيمياء البترول .. كتاب في سبيل موسوعة علمية .. الدكتور أحمد ذكي

Coal chemistry and petroleum chemistry

Every chemist knows that a student of chemistry begins with a lesson
Chemistry is like two types of chemistry:

A chemistry they called Aliphatic Chemistry, and it contains the paraffinic compounds we mentioned, and their derivatives, which are chains of carbon atoms that are saturated (parvins) or unsaturated (alphenes). This is the structure of molecules of fat, oil, and the like, and for this reason it is called lipid chemistry.

And a chemistry they called Aromatic Chemistry, which contains compounds whose atoms are based on unsaturated rings, represented by the simplest of these compounds, in benzene, which is the compound resulting from the distillation of coal. It is called aromatic because many of its compounds have an aromatic smell or come from roots that have a fragrance.

Chemistry prevailed in the last century and the beginning of the present century, and aromatic chemistry is more widely studied and has more scope. This is because the coal dropper has provided us with materials such as benzene, and its derivatives of toluene, and xylenes, and from which we have been able to derive materials such as sand, which has led us, as chemists, to To open many industries that no human being had previous knowledge of. There were drugs, there were dyes, and there were classes of chemicals that were useful in many aspects of human life.

As we previously mentioned, oil remained a fuel resource
A long time ago.

With the progress of chemistry, we have discovered as much petroleum as we have discovered. So, industries turn to petroleum, bringing us the compounds we mentioned, which we call petroleum chemicals. Its transformation increased when chemists were able to obtain from petroleum the same materials that they had obtained from the distillation of coal.

The 1957 census showed that the United States obtained 386,000 thousand gallons of these materials (gasoline, coloring, xylene) from petroleum, while it obtained only 270,000 thousand gallons of these materials from their old source, the coal mine.

We mentioned that these aromatic compounds that come from coal are not found in petroleum, so how did they come about with them?

It brought about chemical science, chemical art, and technology
Chemical. With it, the people transformed petroleum vehicles, whether they liked it or not, into what they wanted from them. To the vehicles that for many years could not find a source other than coal, then the door of petroleum was opened for them, and what a wide door it is, and it is a wider door because the oil field is vast and its quantities are in the world.
It's still flowing.