دراسة لعمارة نموذجية من العهد العثماني ٦_a .. كتاب العمارة العربية الاسلامية

Around the year 1159/1746, as indicated by Al-Muradi in the translation of Fathi Al-Daftar Dar (1).

Inside the sanctuary, we find a mihrab decorated with muqarnas, surrounded by marble mosaic decorations, next to it a white marble pulpit, and groups of tile panels distributed over the windows decorate the walls.

The mosque is preceded by a portico rising from the level of the courtyard, supported by columns with muqarnas capitals, and roofed with three domes. In front of it is another gallery, lower in height, overlooking the courtyard of the tekke directly. It has a sloping wooden roof, supported by arches and columns distributed on three sides: seven arches on the northern side and three on each of the eastern and western sides. The arches of these arches are of the Persian type, and their stones are of two white colours. And black alternately. The columns have muqarnas capitals, but they have a new and innovative shape.

B) The two residential groups:

The residence rooms are distributed into two wings, western and eastern, in each of which there are six square rooms (about 7 metres) preceded by a corridor separating them from the courtyard. All of them are roofed with domes, but the domes of the west are higher and larger in size than the domes of the corridor. Each room has a fireplace made of carved stone and a chimney that protrudes above the domes like a small minaret. Remember here what the British traveler (Bo Cook) mentioned that these domes were roofed with lead in his day, but there is none of it today.

The important decorative element we find here. It is the beautiful tile panels used to cover the areas above the doors and windows throughout the hospice and the school. The colors green and blue predominate on the hospice tile. We only find the red color in some of them mentioned (Photo No.).

C) The northern wing of the hospice:

We distinguish two large snakes extending from north to south, one on the western side and the other on the eastern side, each of them forty meters long. It is divided into two porticoes by a row of thick pillars bearing the fourteen roof domes (see the general plan).

In the middle of these two halls is a building consisting of three rooms, preceded by a colonnaded colonnade, similar to the colonnades surrounding the courtyard. We believe that the middle room of this building was a kitchen, based on the fact that the four domes in it, not the rest of the domes of the hospice, were open in the middle and had skylights for the passage of smoke and cooking steam, in addition to the presence of a basin for water for cooking needs as well. Perhaps the two adjacent rooms were for dining tables, while the two large halls were for supplies. . This was abolished many years ago, and the hospice, with the exception of its mosque, was occupied with exhibits from the Military Museum.

2- School:

It is an independent building located to the east of the hospice. It is 45 x 40 metres. It is similar in its architectural style and design to the hospice building previously described. In the middle of it is a courtyard equipped with a rectangular pool, surrounded by a group of small rooms roofed with domes, each of which is heated, similar to the hospice rooms. In front of the rooms is a corridor surrounding the courtyard, also covered by small domes, supported by arches and columns of low height, in relation to the columns of the hospice corridor. The school also has its own mosque, which has no minarets or pulpit. It is a prayer hall in the form of a square room that protrudes from the boundaries of the building towards the south and is roofed with a dome. It has a ribbed neck equipped with windows. Of the mosque's stained-glass windows - only one - remains. Its walls are covered with tile panels, interspersed with windows and bookcases, and in the middle of the walls is a strip of tile tiles, on which merlons are painted as a decorative motif.

In front of the mosque there are two mastabas within a corridor consisting of three arches, the walls of which are decorated with bands of colored ablaq decoration and the above door is studded with tile panels.

The school has a large main door open in the middle of its northern façade, and four other smaller ones that connect the school to the surrounding gardens. The main door leads to a vestibule on either side of which two small iwans are opened as two guard rooms. It ends with a colonnade on columns overlooking the courtyard, roofed with three domes, the middle of which has a neck, devoid of windows. Rather, it was replaced by decorated niches, and the door is wide and open within an iwan, and opposite it is another similar door, open at the northern end of the market. Each of them has a richly decorated façade, which we find in the arch with alternating colored stones, in the bands engraved in the form of braids, in studded round ornaments, in cut colored stones, etc.

3- Market:

The market consists of two rows of shops, 85 meters long (see the general plan). In each row, there are twenty-two shops resembling shelters, roofed with longitudinal domes.

The market ends on its western side with a wide door leading to the hospice, and another door on the east side that leads outside. It is well built and the facade is decorated like the other doors mentioned above.

There is an inscription on the door indicating its renewal during the reign of Sultan Mustafa III, who (took power between the years 1171/1757 and 1187/1773).

The eastern wing of the northern row of shops was removed and was replaced by modern buildings for the Ministry of Education. Then the other shops were repaired and used, along with the school, as a tourist market for handicrafts that opened a few years ago.