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الإضاءة الخلفية ..
الجلسة ..
كتاب التصوير الفوتوغرافي
Backlighting
To backlight a subject , place the main light or lights behind the sitter in such a way that they do not shine directly into the lens and cause flare . The simplest and most effective method is to cut a hole about 10-12 ins ( 25-30 cm ) in diameter in a large piece of black cardboard and place a strong spotlight behind it . Arrange the light and cardboard directly behind the sitter's back to create a halo of light around the head and shoulders . At this point , the sitter's face will be in almost total darkness . However , since a frontal light of matching intensity would simply cancel out the backlit effect , the best solution is to light the sitter's face separately with an indirect light that is much weaker than the spot behind the sitter , so that you retain a bright halo behind the head . This indirect frontal lighting is a type of fill - in : it lights the shadows , but does not create an effect of its own . Use two white screens , one on each side of the sitter , with medium flood lights shining into them . Take your exposure reading from the flatly - lit face , not from the strong backlight .
An alternative way of creating a backlit effect is to place a light on each side of the sitter at an angle of about 45 ° and some 10 ft ( 3 m ) back . You will need to place some screens partly in front of these lights in order to shade them from the camera . In all the examples on these pages we used tungsten lighting , but a flash unit with two heads can be equally effective . Use one head directly as a backlight and bounce the other off a reflector to fill in the face .
Informal backlighting
You can sometimes use backlighting to suggest informality . Frontal , well arranged lighting is more formal and static , while backlighting can appear almost casual - as if catching the sitter unawares , especially if his pose and expression is relaxed . I used a single spot with a reflector to provide fill in . Pentax 6 × 7 , 105 mm , 1/15 sec at f11 , Ektachrome 160 .
Combining back- and rim lighting
A low spotlight to the left of the sitter acts as a rim light on her profile , and a second spot more directly behind her backlights her hair . A third indirect light is bounced off a reflector in front of the sitter , see diagram right . Pentax 6x7 , 105 mm . 1/30 sec at f8 , Ektachrome 160 .
Backlighting hair A Backlighting works best with full or fairly unruly hair . Close - cropped styles are not as effective because the light only spreads slightly , and also because it is difficult to hide the lamp behind the sitter's head . Here , I used one spot as a backlight , and soft fill - in from two floodlights reflected off white screens , see diagram left . Pentax 6x7 , 105 mm , 1/30 sec at f11 . Ektachrome 160 .
الجلسة ..
كتاب التصوير الفوتوغرافي
Backlighting
To backlight a subject , place the main light or lights behind the sitter in such a way that they do not shine directly into the lens and cause flare . The simplest and most effective method is to cut a hole about 10-12 ins ( 25-30 cm ) in diameter in a large piece of black cardboard and place a strong spotlight behind it . Arrange the light and cardboard directly behind the sitter's back to create a halo of light around the head and shoulders . At this point , the sitter's face will be in almost total darkness . However , since a frontal light of matching intensity would simply cancel out the backlit effect , the best solution is to light the sitter's face separately with an indirect light that is much weaker than the spot behind the sitter , so that you retain a bright halo behind the head . This indirect frontal lighting is a type of fill - in : it lights the shadows , but does not create an effect of its own . Use two white screens , one on each side of the sitter , with medium flood lights shining into them . Take your exposure reading from the flatly - lit face , not from the strong backlight .
An alternative way of creating a backlit effect is to place a light on each side of the sitter at an angle of about 45 ° and some 10 ft ( 3 m ) back . You will need to place some screens partly in front of these lights in order to shade them from the camera . In all the examples on these pages we used tungsten lighting , but a flash unit with two heads can be equally effective . Use one head directly as a backlight and bounce the other off a reflector to fill in the face .
Informal backlighting
You can sometimes use backlighting to suggest informality . Frontal , well arranged lighting is more formal and static , while backlighting can appear almost casual - as if catching the sitter unawares , especially if his pose and expression is relaxed . I used a single spot with a reflector to provide fill in . Pentax 6 × 7 , 105 mm , 1/15 sec at f11 , Ektachrome 160 .
Combining back- and rim lighting
A low spotlight to the left of the sitter acts as a rim light on her profile , and a second spot more directly behind her backlights her hair . A third indirect light is bounced off a reflector in front of the sitter , see diagram right . Pentax 6x7 , 105 mm . 1/30 sec at f8 , Ektachrome 160 .
Backlighting hair A Backlighting works best with full or fairly unruly hair . Close - cropped styles are not as effective because the light only spreads slightly , and also because it is difficult to hide the lamp behind the sitter's head . Here , I used one spot as a backlight , and soft fill - in from two floodlights reflected off white screens , see diagram left . Pentax 6x7 , 105 mm , 1/30 sec at f11 . Ektachrome 160 .
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