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المبادئ الأساسية للبورتريه ..
كتاب التصوير الفوتوغرافي
Understanding light
Although light is not the most important concern in portraiture - since a good portrait must be rich in meaning as well as an attractive image no photographer can completely master portraiture without understanding and appreciating the characteristics of light .
First , you must be aware of the effect of brightness- the visual strength or intensity of light . This intensity is governed by the amount of light reflected back from the subject to the lens . Various parts of the scene can differ radically in brightness , and a given illuminated area will appear visually brighter if it is next to a dark one . Your exposure calculation and the composition of your picture depend on how these areas of different intensity are distributed in the picture area .
The second major characteristic of light is its quality - the degree of its harshness or soft ness . The quality of light affects the appearance of objects and people quite considerably . Soft - textured light gives the human face a quality of delicate roundness ; it lights up shadows and softens the appearance , making most skin defects less apparent . Overcast sun or a well - diffused floodlight gives this type of light . Harsh light creates a dramatic effect , with strong contrasts of light and shade . It is not flattering , but the resulting picture will have great strength and impact . Strong , direct sun light or a spotlight will produce this effect .
The direction of light - its angle in relation to the sitter reveals form and structure . When the light is head - on to the subject , the light is
Color temperature scale ( measured in Kelvins ) V The color of light will vary quite dramatically with different sources , time of day , weather , and even geographical location . Color film is balanced either to artificial light ( 3,200K ) or to average noon daylight ( 5,400K ) . Other variations will give a color cast unless you use a correction filter ( see p . 42 ) .
Morning light ▷ Early morning sunlight shows a tendency toward a cool , light blue cast , especially in the shadows . Use a pale pink filter ( see p . 42 ) or a weak flash to fill - in shadows and add a little warmth . Pentax 6x7 , 105 mm , 1/60 sec at f8 , Ektachrome 200 .
Midday light ▷ Midday light is usually strong and direct . The contrasty midday Moroccan sun here is possibly a little warmer than the average noon sunlight in the Northern hemisphere , to which all daylight color films are balanced . Pentax Spotmatic , 50 mm . 1/125 sec at f11 , Agfa CT18 .
Afternoon light ▷ In summer , afternoon sunlight is often a little warmer than standard daylight . Here , the subject matter suits the slightly warmer effect . The ostrich egg shows the beautiful softness of this light . Pentax 6x7 , 75 mm , 1/30 sec at f11 , Agfachrome 50S .
Early evening light Light from the setting sun is the most romantic of all natural lights . It is excellent for portraiture because the low angle of the sun will directly illuminate the face without casting unpleasant , harsh shadows . Although it is warmer than average daylight , this is acceptable because we associate sunset with a yellow to red color cast . Nikkormat FT2 , 28 mm , 1/60 sec at f5.6 , Kodachrome 25 .
المبادئ الأساسية للبورتريه ..
كتاب التصوير الفوتوغرافي
Understanding light
Although light is not the most important concern in portraiture - since a good portrait must be rich in meaning as well as an attractive image no photographer can completely master portraiture without understanding and appreciating the characteristics of light .
First , you must be aware of the effect of brightness- the visual strength or intensity of light . This intensity is governed by the amount of light reflected back from the subject to the lens . Various parts of the scene can differ radically in brightness , and a given illuminated area will appear visually brighter if it is next to a dark one . Your exposure calculation and the composition of your picture depend on how these areas of different intensity are distributed in the picture area .
The second major characteristic of light is its quality - the degree of its harshness or soft ness . The quality of light affects the appearance of objects and people quite considerably . Soft - textured light gives the human face a quality of delicate roundness ; it lights up shadows and softens the appearance , making most skin defects less apparent . Overcast sun or a well - diffused floodlight gives this type of light . Harsh light creates a dramatic effect , with strong contrasts of light and shade . It is not flattering , but the resulting picture will have great strength and impact . Strong , direct sun light or a spotlight will produce this effect .
The direction of light - its angle in relation to the sitter reveals form and structure . When the light is head - on to the subject , the light is
Color temperature scale ( measured in Kelvins ) V The color of light will vary quite dramatically with different sources , time of day , weather , and even geographical location . Color film is balanced either to artificial light ( 3,200K ) or to average noon daylight ( 5,400K ) . Other variations will give a color cast unless you use a correction filter ( see p . 42 ) .
Morning light ▷ Early morning sunlight shows a tendency toward a cool , light blue cast , especially in the shadows . Use a pale pink filter ( see p . 42 ) or a weak flash to fill - in shadows and add a little warmth . Pentax 6x7 , 105 mm , 1/60 sec at f8 , Ektachrome 200 .
Midday light ▷ Midday light is usually strong and direct . The contrasty midday Moroccan sun here is possibly a little warmer than the average noon sunlight in the Northern hemisphere , to which all daylight color films are balanced . Pentax Spotmatic , 50 mm . 1/125 sec at f11 , Agfa CT18 .
Afternoon light ▷ In summer , afternoon sunlight is often a little warmer than standard daylight . Here , the subject matter suits the slightly warmer effect . The ostrich egg shows the beautiful softness of this light . Pentax 6x7 , 75 mm , 1/30 sec at f11 , Agfachrome 50S .
Early evening light Light from the setting sun is the most romantic of all natural lights . It is excellent for portraiture because the low angle of the sun will directly illuminate the face without casting unpleasant , harsh shadows . Although it is warmer than average daylight , this is acceptable because we associate sunset with a yellow to red color cast . Nikkormat FT2 , 28 mm , 1/60 sec at f5.6 , Kodachrome 25 .
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