الصحف في العصر الحديث .. كتاب معلم الصحافة والإنشاء

Newspapers in the modern era:

A - Periodic division

Newspapers, in terms of their periodicity: include daily, and these can be either morning or evening, including semi-weekly, weekly, monthly, semi-monthly, and quarterly (relative to the quarter of the year).

Daily: Either news, opinion, or advertisement newspapers. The latter means presenting various commercial advertisements. The second article means more than calling for a particular principle or opinion and is usually based on a specific party or a principle embraced by those in charge of it. The first refers to the narration without commenting on it and without relying on a limited opinion or established principle in this commentary, even if it is written in domestic or foreign policy or other economic and social affairs.

Weekly: It is considered, first of all, to comment on political, economic and social events without losing its current character, which is: either general, and presents the mentioned political and economic matters, comments on them, and predicts what they might develop into, or is specific, and presents a specific type of research whose character is evident and prevails over all other aspects that may be presented. The newspaper is a continuation of the literature, art, photography, or humor that attracts the reader to relieve oneself from the stress of the week. Therefore, it is always advisable to publish it on a weekend, when people find free time to read it and enjoy its anecdotes.

Non-weekly: The dates of their publication are longer than the week, and the predominant consideration in them is to investigate the lesson, delve into the research, and specialize in a section of human knowledge, such as general or political culture, religion, society, literature, science, or art, to everything that the mind can conceive of. Life matters.

B - Its substantive division
Newspapers are divided according to their topics into the following:

University newspapers: they may be political or non-political.

Specialized newspapers: such as magazines related to psychology, agriculture, poetry, commerce, or other types of knowledge. This category is small in our country due to the lack of readers who are interested in a special type of culture, and the scarcity of specialized writers.

Fine arts newspapers: They represent the language of emotions and sentiments, far from the taint of tyranny or partisanship. They cultivate taste, purify the soul, and give it tranquility and detachment. Therefore, associations encouraged them and were assisted by the wealthy and governments. Fine arts include drawing, photography, acting, music, and singing, the art of narrative and representational criticism, which are subject to basic rules. The public is fond of this information when it appears frank and is not oppressed by advertising censorship, which is keen on generating profits from various plays.

Literary newspapers: They are the most active specialized newspapers because they are beloved by all souls. It nourishes feelings, develops imagination, and delights the soul with the scents of writers. She was fortunate to have many writers who were serious about quoting from Western literature and reviving the precious things of the East at times, and at other times expressing their innermost thoughts, writing on various topics and talking about books in popular newspapers as critics and analysts.

Humorous newspapers: They contain types of entertainment and jokes that entertain the general reader and relieve him of some of the burdens he suffers from work. In addition to humor, it may include social or individual criticism through caricature images that depend on depicting the psychology of the person being criticized and highlighting it in some anthropomorphic form that depends on the photographer’s imagination, creativity, and commentary in a way that suits the situation.

Other specialized newspapers: There are other specialized newspapers created by circumstances and events and supervised by the government, union, body or association in order to maintain their position and continuity. A magazine may be published specifically for men, and another may be published specifically for women, examining their fashion or home affairs and raising children. It may be neutral and not affiliated with a particular party, or it may be partisan and express the opinions of a group of people.

H - Dividing it according to the place of issuance

Central: It is usually issued in capitals and large populated cities that contain political and social activity, and is concerned with the general affairs of the state.

Regional: It is issued in cities other than the capitals of the regions, and is concerned with the special affairs of the region and sometimes with what is meant by centralization as well.