جوستنیان .. كتاب المائة الأوائل

Justinian

JUSTINIAN I

483 - 565 AD

Emperor Justinian was famous for codifying the well-known Roman law in his days, and these laws preserved what Rome would have produced from the creative genius. In addition, it was the basis for the development of the laws of most European countries, and no law in the world was as important as the Justinian law.

Justinian was born in 483 AD in Turizium (in present-day Yugoslavia) and was the nephew of Justin I, who was an illiterate peasant who, by controlling the army, managed to become emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire. But Justinian. His origin is also rural, but he received a high degree of honor, and with the help of his uncle, he rose quickly to become an assistant emperor, and then, after the death of his uncle, he became in the year 565 AD the absolute emperor.

In the year 476 AD, seven years before Justinian was born, the Western Roman Empire had fallen at the hands of the Germanic barbarians, while the Eastern Roman Empire and its capital, Constantinople, remained unharmed. Therefore, Justinian decided to regain the lands conquered by the barbarians and return to the unified Roman Empire. He was partially successful in this project, as he was able to re-conquer Italy, North Africa, and part of Spain from the rule of the barbarians. Justinian's position among the Hundred is due primarily not only to his military feats but also to his pioneering role in the codification of Roman law. In the beginning of the year 528 A.D., i.e. in the year following his accession to power, Justinian commissioned a committee to produce a complete copy of the imperial laws. Their works were first published in 529, then revised, revised, and drafted as a set of basic laws in 534. At the same time, all decrees, supreme orders, and laws that were not included in the new group. This collection has become a part of (General Roman Civil Laws). As for the second part of this group, it was called (The Benedict) or the Anthology, and it was a summary of the opinions of the Roman legal legislators, and this part was also approved. As for the third part, it was called (The Summary), which is a textbook | Law students finally lost . The fragments of these parts approved by Justinian and published, but after his death

Because of Justinian's preoccupation with his wars and administrative duties, he could not be interested in drafting (general legislative civil laws), and all these matters were taking place under the supervision of the legal expert, the great legislator Tribunian.

Justinian directed his attention and activity to combat corruption in the government, encouraged trade and industry, and started a project and program to establish and build public buildings such as castles, monasteries, and churches, including the famous (Hagia Sophia) church in Constantinople. These construction projects and his wars, a large increase in taxes, local revolutions that almost overthrew the throne of Justinian, after he put down that revolution, his rule became firm, but when he died in 565, a general popular relief occurred.