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Leonard Euler

Leonhard Euler

1783 - 1707

Leonard Euler, a Swiss mathematician and physicist, was the greatest mathematician and the brightest and most prolific author. His works have found general circulation and practical applications in many fields of geometry.

Euler's abundant production in mathematics and science can only be said about him as an incredible production. He wrote thirty-two complete books, many of which consist of several parts. And hundreds upon hundreds of sports and scientific bulletins and articles. And if we collect all his writings, they fill seventy volumes. His genius has enriched every field of mathematics. As well as . His exploits in mathematics and physics have an unlimited range of practical applications.

Euler's main concern was to show how the laws of mechanics formulated by Isaac Newton before him were applied to certain physical conditions.

For example, by applying Newton's law to fluids, he was able to develop fluid dynamics equations. He was also able to formulate some equations that determine the motions of solid bodies. Since not all bodies are solid, therefore, he contributed to the formulation of the theory of elasticity and elastic, elastic bodies, which describe bodies deformed by the application of an external force.

Euler also turned his talents and genius to mathematically analyzing astronomical problems, especially the problem of the three bodies that deals with the issue of the rotation of the sun, the earth and the moon within the mutual gravitational pull of each other. Coincidentally, we find Euler (he is one of the scientists of the eighteenth century) the only scientist who supported the theory of light waves, and it was proven that this support was in the right place.

Euler's mind made mathematical discoveries that made many mathematicians become celebrities. For example, Lagrange, the French physicist, created a series. Equations (equations for wages), namely. It is of great theoretical importance and can be used to solve many different problems in mechanics. The first of these equations was discovered by Euler and is usually known as the Euler-Lagrange equation. There was a French mathematician called Fourier, who invented a mathematical technique known as (Fourier analysis). Here, too, the first and basic equations in his analysis were previously discovered by Leonard Euler.

Euler was interested in calculus, integration, infinite series, and complex numbers, and Euler's equation appears, which is (b habnah + b yahbah) = z, as (j) = the Neberian number, and it is approximately equal to (2.7). The relationship between functions in trigonometry and imaginary numbers, and it can be used to find logarithms (negative numbers, which are) the most popular and most general formulas in mathematics.

Euler also wrote a textbook on analytical geometry and established several theories in differential geometry and ordinary geometry. It is also more important in the field of topography, which is a branch of mathematics that means the location of a thing in relation to other things (not distance and volume). This science has shown its importance in the twentieth century.

Finally, Euler performed other services and important exploits in the work of mathematical symbols, as he used the symbol (i) to represent the ratio between the circumference of a circle and its diameter, and it is called the approximate ratio - and he also presented several symbols used in mathematical works and calculations.

Euler was born in 1707 in Basel, Switzerland. He was admitted to the University of Basel in 1720 when he was thirteen. He studied theology at first, but soon moved to mathematics and obtained a master's degree in mathematics at the age of 17 and when he was twenty. Queen Catherine the First, Queen of Russia, invited him to work at the Academy of Sciences in Petersburg, and after a while he lost the ability to see in one of his eyes.

In 1741, Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, tempted him to come to Berlin and work in the Academy of Sciences there. He stayed in Berlin for 25 years, then returned to Russia, where he completely lost his sight, but continued to work. Euler possessed a tremendous ability in mental arithmetic, and until his death in 1783, at the age of seventy-six, he issued papers in high mathematics.

Euler married twice and had thirteen children, eight of whom died in infancy.